Poverty test - 9

Women, old people and children are the poorest of the poor in the society.    

The estimated population of India is 300 million people. More than 70 percent of the population lives in the rural areas where access to resources and quality education is hard. Therefore, the majority of the population fail to acquire the necessary skills for development. Overpopulation in India has led to high unemployment rates and has inhibited the provision of quality public services. The caste system in India has also contributed to the increase in poverty due to separation of people into thousands of groups.

Nearly 39.1 % of people in Jharkhand are below poverty line (BPL) as against national rates of 29.8 %.

Poverty line can be measured by income, spending, education of a person. Thresholds of each of them have also been given. The World Bank specified the consumption threshold as 1.25 dollars per day. Below this is considered as Below Poverty Line.

Micro-finance is a type of banking service that is provided to unemployed or low-income individuals, or groups who otherwise have no other access to financial services.

Self Help Group is an important instrument in the delivery of micro finance to the poor women for establishing micro enterprise.

In 2004-05 there was around 21.8 percent poverty in India.

In India, the norm for calorie intake is 2,400 calories in rural areas and 2,200 in urban areas.

This is because the rural people are engaged in the more physical labour than the people in the urban areas.

The Jawahar Rozgar Yojana was introduced to eradicate poverty. The 20-Point programme was introduced by former Prime Minister of India, Mrs. Indira Gandhi in 1975 to remove rural poverty and to uplift the downtrodden by providing economic and social justice.

A self-help group is an economic intermediary group of 10 to 20 local women or men between 18 to 40 years. Most self-help groups are situated in India, though SHGs can be established in other countries, particularly in South Asia and Southeast Asia. 

SHG is not whatever thing but a group of people who are on daily wages, they form a group and from that group, one person collects the money and gives the wealth to the person who is in need. Members also make modest measure savings contributions over a few months until there is adequate money in the group to begin lending. 

Thus, the correct option is C.

National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) conducts surveys to determine the minimum amount required by a rural or urban household to meet basic requirements and hence categorizes the population as above poverty line and below poverty line.