Human Development Test - 2

Income Approach is the oldest approach in human development. This approach focuses on the economic aspect of human development and measures progress based on income and economic indicators.

Sustainable development aims to balance our economic, environmental, social needs, and universal health, allowing prosperity for now and future generations. It meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It calls for concerted efforts towards building an inclusive, sustainable, and resilient future for people and the planet.

As per the capability approach given by professor Amartya Sen, building human capabilities in areas of health education and access to resources is the key to increasing human development. 

Economic disadvantage is not a key area of human development.

Therefore, access to resources, health and education are the key areas in human development. If people do not have capabilities in these areas, their choices also get limited.

Economists typically measure economic growth in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) or related indicators derived from GDP, such as gross national product (GNP) or gross national income (GNI).

Freedom is not a hindrance to Equity. Equity is not hampered by freedom.

A meaningful life is not just a long one. It must be a life with some purpose. This means People must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society and be free to achieve their goals.

In the Welfare Approach, Government is primarily responsible for increasing levels of human development. This approach places the primary responsibility for increasing levels of human development on the government. It argues for higher government expenditure on various social sectors such as education, health, and social services, with the aim of maximizing welfare and improving overall human development indicators within the population.

Capability Approach: This approach is associated with Prof. Amartya Sen. Building human capabilities in the areas of health, education and access to resources is the key to increasing human development.

Access to resources refers to the ability of individuals or communities to obtain and utilize essential goods and services. Purchasing power is a crucial factor in determining this access because it reflects the ability of individuals to buy goods and services based on their income or wealth. Higher purchasing power enables individuals to afford a wider range of resources, including food, shelter, education, healthcare, and other necessities. Therefore, measuring access to resources often involves assessing purchasing power as it directly influences people's ability to meet their needs and improve their quality of life.