Vocabulary Test...

[passage-header]Read the following extract and answer the question given below it :[/passage-header]The term co-operation loses its meaning when co-operatives become competitive and just a firm of retail shopkeepers, entering into rivalry with either similar co-operatives or private shops. In the issue of licenses, permits, supplies, grants, loans, etc., Government follows a general policy of preferring co-operatives to private organizations. Since Government itself is run on party lines this has led to rival co-operatives, one favoured by the party in power and the other trying to checkmate it. To remedy this, one way would be to insist on having only one multipurpose cooperative in one unit to eliminate all private dealers in distribution and to make membership in the co-operative society compulsory for every householder. My feeling is that co-operatives, whether in selling, purchasing or distributing should be restricted to carry on their operations for and among their members only. They must not become commission agents or middlemen between non-members on the one hand and Government or the world on the other. Their purchases must be for the needs of their members only and not for sale to the public. Their sales to the public must be confined to their own production. Permits, grants, loans, and other help should be given to them for proper distribution among their members only.