Weather Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Test - 3

• Warm ocean currents heat the air above the oceans. 
• They then carry this hot air upwards, as hot air is lighter in weight.  
• Thus, lands near oceans get warmer due to warm air. 
• This warm air then condenses as it goes upwards and then it brings rainfall and humidity.

• All living organisms have the ability to adjust and adapt according to their surroundings.
• Animals living in extremely cold climatic conditions have to protect themselves from the cold weather. So they have a thick layer of fur over them. As the layer of fur blocks the cold air and prevents it from reaching the animal's body, it will protect them against cold. 
• Similarly, a thick layer of fat over their body also causes insulation and protects the animal from extreme cold. So, both of these are adaptations against cold.
• Most of the animals exhibit a period of inactivation, where they are in a state of dormancy. Hibernation is the state of inactivity in winter to avoid cold temperatures.
• All these 3 options are characteristics of animals for adapting themselves against extreme cold.
• A thin layer of hair over their bodies will not provide enough protection against environmental cold and so it is not a characteristic that protects them.

Indian climatic areas have 2 seasons in them. they include tropical monsoon and tropical wet and dry areas. Winter and Summer are the 2 main seasons in India. Crops called Kharif and Rabi crops are included in Indian seasons.

 

Sun is the main source of energy that causes changes in the weather. Sun energy is the source of all heat and light on the earth. Energy absorbed and reflected by the earth’s surface, oceans and the atmosphere play important roles in determining the weather at any place.

The amount of water vapour present in the atmosphere is known as humidity. The measure of the water vapour present in the atmosphere as compared to vapour content at saturation levels is known as relative humidity. The formation of clouds and rain occurs only at 100% relative humidity and not near the surface. The rising and cooling air forms clouds and increases humidity. The fall of precipitation from the clouds occurs into layers with lower humidity. 

Polar bears are terrestrial animals that are found in the arctic region and are the largest land carnivores. They are adapted to live in extremely cold habitats. 

Crown files are most destructive. These destroy the canopies of trees and entire vegetational cover of that particular area. Due to this fire, the temperature, rises upto 700()oC and may adversely effect the nearly vegetation.

During summer, there occurs differential heating of the land and the water body near the land. The land mass is heated up quickly and the air over the land rises up, creating low pressure over the land. The water body takes time in getting heated up and so during the day, the water body has higher pressure due to heavy air than the land mass. Due to the pressure difference, the wind blows from the high pressure (water body) to the low pressure (land mass). These are called the sea-breeze. These winds are colder and that's why relief is felt near the lake on a hot summer day.