Reading Comprehension Test 41

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[passage-header]Read the passage and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]More than 125,000 study participants who were free of diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease at the start of a study were selected from the on-going Health Professionals Follow-up Study and the Brigham and Women's Hospital-based Nurses Health Study. Some 41,934 men were tracked from 1986 to 1998 and 84,276 women from 1980 to 1998 via food frequency questionnaires every two to four years to assess their intake of both regular and decaffeinated coffee. During the span of the study, 1,333 new cases of type-2 diabetes were diagnosed in men and 4,085 among the women participants. The researchers also found that for men, those who drank more than six cups of regular coffee per day reduced their risk for type-2 diabetes by more than 50 percent compared to men in the study who didn't drink coffee. Among the women, those who drank six or more cups per day reduced the risk of type-2 diabetes by nearly 30 percent. Decaffeinated coffee was also beneficial, but its effects were weaker than regular coffee.

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]One simple, physical concept lies behind the formation of the stars: gravitational instability. The concept is not new. Newton first perceived it in the late 17th Century. Imagine a uniform, static cloud of gas in space. Imagine then that the gas is somehow disturbed so that one small spherical region becomes a little denser than the gas around it so that the small region's gravitational field becomes slightly stronger. It now attracts more matter to it and its gravity increases further, causing it to begin to contract. As it contracts its density increases which increases its gravity even more so that it picks up, even more, matter and contracts even further. The process continues until the small region of gas finally forms a gravitationally bound object.

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]Censorship is the control of forms of human expression. It is sometimes implemented by the government. The visible motive of censorship is often to stabilize or improve the society that the government has control over. It is most commonly applied to acts that occur in public circumstances, and most formally involves the suppression of ideas. The content of school textbooks is often the issue of debate, since the target audience of school textbooks is young people, and the term 'whitewashing' is the one commonly used to refer to selective removal of critical or damaging evidence or comment. The representation of every society's flaws or misconduct is typically downplayed in favour of a more nationalist or patriotic view.

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows: [/passage-header]Scarce diamonds are more valuable than the clusters of smaller crystals known as bort and carbonado. These diamonds are large single crystals of genuine crystalline carbon. Diamonds are found in the diamantiferous earth that is located in both open-air pits and underground mines. To retrieve the diamonds, the earth is crushed and concentrated. The concentrated material is then sorted by passing it over streams of water on greased tables. Since diamonds are water repellent, they will stick to the grease while the other minerals will absorb water and pass over the grease. The diamonds are then removed from the grease and cleaned, examined, sorted, and graded. The best diamonds are noted for their cleavage, their translucence, and their color. All diamonds have a natural line of cleavage along which they may be split and it is essential to split them before they are cut and polished. Before they are cut and polished, they look like tiny blue-grey stones; they do not twinkle or shine yet. A perfectly cut and polished diamond has 58 faces arranged regularly over its surface. It will be translucent and colorless, blue, white, green or yellow. The value of a jewel diamond depends largely on its color, or 'water', as it is called professionally. A stone of the finest water is blue-white. 

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows: [/passage-header]Scarce diamonds are more valuable than the clusters of smaller crystals known as bort and carbonado. These diamonds are large single crystals of genuine crystalline carbon. Diamonds are found in the diamantiferous earth that is located in both open-air pits and underground mines. To retrieve the diamonds, the earth is crushed and concentrated. The concentrated material is then sorted by passing it over streams of water on greased tables. Since diamonds are water repellent, they will stick to the grease while the other minerals will absorb water and pass over the grease. The diamonds are then removed from the grease and cleaned, examined, sorted, and graded. The best diamonds are noted for their cleavage, their translucence, and their color. All diamonds have a natural line of cleavage along which they may be split and it is essential to split them before they are cut and polished. Before they are cut and polished, they look like tiny blue-grey stones; they do not twinkle or shine yet. A perfectly cut and polished diamond has 58 faces arranged regularly over its surface. It will be translucent and colorless, blue, white, green or yellow. The value of a jewel diamond depends largely on its color, or 'water', as it is called professionally. A stone of the finest water is blue-white. 

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]Censorship is the control of forms of human expression. It is sometimes implemented by the government. The visible motive of censorship is often to stabilize or improve the society that the government has control over. It is most commonly applied to acts that occur in public circumstances, and most formally involves the suppression of ideas. The content of school textbooks is often the issue of debate, since the target audience of school textbooks is young people, and the term 'whitewashing' is the one commonly used to refer to selective removal of critical or damaging evidence or comment. The representation of every society's flaws or misconduct is typically downplayed in favour of a more nationalist or patriotic view.

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows: [/passage-header]Scarce diamonds are more valuable than the clusters of smaller crystals known as bort and carbonado. These diamonds are large single crystals of genuine crystalline carbon. Diamonds are found in the diamantiferous earth that is located in both open-air pits and underground mines. To retrieve the diamonds, the earth is crushed and concentrated. The concentrated material is then sorted by passing it over streams of water on greased tables. Since diamonds are water repellent, they will stick to the grease while the other minerals will absorb water and pass over the grease. The diamonds are then removed from the grease and cleaned, examined, sorted, and graded. The best diamonds are noted for their cleavage, their translucence, and their color. All diamonds have a natural line of cleavage along which they may be split and it is essential to split them before they are cut and polished. Before they are cut and polished, they look like tiny blue-grey stones; they do not twinkle or shine yet. A perfectly cut and polished diamond has 58 faces arranged regularly over its surface. It will be translucent and colorless, blue, white, green or yellow. The value of a jewel diamond depends largely on its color, or 'water', as it is called professionally. A stone of the finest water is blue-white. 

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]Censorship is the control of forms of human expression. It is sometimes implemented by the government. The visible motive of censorship is often to stabilize or improve the society that the government has control over. It is most commonly applied to acts that occur in public circumstances, and most formally involves the suppression of ideas. The content of school textbooks is often the issue of debate, since the target audience of school textbooks is young people, and the term 'whitewashing' is the one commonly used to refer to selective removal of critical or damaging evidence or comment. The representation of every society's flaws or misconduct is typically downplayed in favour of a more nationalist or patriotic view.

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows: [/passage-header]Scarce diamonds are more valuable than the clusters of smaller crystals known as bort and carbonado. These diamonds are large single crystals of genuine crystalline carbon. Diamonds are found in the diamantiferous earth that is located in both open-air pits and underground mines. To retrieve the diamonds, the earth is crushed and concentrated. The concentrated material is then sorted by passing it over streams of water on greased tables. Since diamonds are water repellent, they will stick to the grease while the other minerals will absorb water and pass over the grease. The diamonds are then removed from the grease and cleaned, examined, sorted, and graded. The best diamonds are noted for their cleavage, their translucence, and their color. All diamonds have a natural line of cleavage along which they may be split and it is essential to split them before they are cut and polished. Before they are cut and polished, they look like tiny blue-grey stones; they do not twinkle or shine yet. A perfectly cut and polished diamond has 58 faces arranged regularly over its surface. It will be translucent and colorless, blue, white, green or yellow. The value of a jewel diamond depends largely on its color, or 'water', as it is called professionally. A stone of the finest water is blue-white.