Pollution of Air and Water Test

Result

Pollution of Air and Water Test - 14

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following gases is not a greenhouse gas?

A
Carbon dioxide

B
Nitrous oxide

C
Ammonia

D
Methane

Solution

Ammonia is not a greenhouse gas. Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas. Other gases such as nitrous oxides, methane, water vapour, ozone, CFCs, etc., are also responsible for global warming.

The correct answer is C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following effects is not caused by acid rain?

A
Marble cancer

B
Global warming

C
Reduction in soil fertility

D
Pollution of water bodies

Solution

Global warming is caused by the green-house effect. An increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect. This ultimately leads to global warming. Global warming is not caused by acid rain.

The correct answer is B.

Question 3

1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Burning of fossil fuel produces CO₂ gas in the atmosphere. It is a greenhouse gas that traps the solar radiations in the atmosphere and results in the greenhouse effect. Some of the consequences of the greenhouse effect are- sudden rainfall, an increase in the average temperature, melting of glaciers leading to a rise in the ocean levels etc.

Which phenomenon is described in the information provided?

Acid rain

Water pollution

Global warming

Ozone layer depletion

Solution

An increase in the average temperature of the world and its resultant effect is referred to as global warming. The average temperature of our planet is increasing by about 0.5°C per year. This is caused by the greenhouse effect. The carbon dioxide content in the air is increasing as a result of human activities. It is this CO₂ gas that is responsible for warming up of the atmosphere, by trapping the solar radiation. This results in several climatic changes.

The correct answer is C.

Question 4

1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Four events that result in the greenhouse effect are resulted below:

I. Earth reflects a part of sunlight

II. Trapped radiation heats up the atmosphere

III. The Earth’s atmosphere traps the reflected sunlight.

IV. Sunlight falls on the surface of the Earth.

Which arrow diagram correctly represents the sequence of events that result in the greenhouse effect?

I → II → III → IV

I → IV → III → II

IV → III → II → I

IV → I → III → II

Solution

As sunlight falls on the Earth’s surface, a part of it is absorbed by the surface and most of it is reflected back into the atmosphere. Presence of pollutants such as carbon dioxide does not allow the re-radiated rays to escape into the atmosphere. The heat builds up in the atmosphere and increases the temperature. This is called the greenhouse effect.

Alternative D correctly illustrates the sequence of events that result in the greenhouse effect.

Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Question 5
1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Taj Mahal is one of the Seven Wonders of the world. It is situated on the banks of river Yamuna. Environmental pollution has damaged the marble of the monument.

The Taj Mahal is threatened by which type of pollution?

A
Air

B
Soil

C
Water

D
Noise

Solution

Taj Mahal is made of white marble. The white colour of the marble is turning into a dirty yellow. The main reason for this change in colour is the discharge of harmful air pollutants from the industries located nearby.

The correct answer is A.
Question 6
1 / -0

The discharge of excessive chemicals from industries, households, etc., into ponds is responsible for which of the following effects?

A
It makes the pond water toxic for algae

B
It increases the level of oxygen in the pond

C
It reduces the temperature of water in the pond

D
It decreases the population of aquatic organisms

Solution

When the chemicals discharged from industries are released into the ponds, they act as nutrients for the algae. The population of algae increases, and a layer of algae forms over the surface of water. This decreases the diffusion of oxygen into water. As the algae die, they provide food for the bacteria. As a result, the oxygen content of water decreases further. Hence, the population of aquatic organisms decreases.

The correct answer is D.
Question 7
1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are substances that pollute the air. These are produced from man-made devices.

The use of which of the following commodities does not produce CFCs?

A
Petroleum

B
Refrigerators

C
Aerosol sprays

D
Air conditioners

Solution

Petroleum is a fossil fuel. Petrol and diesel are products obtained from petroleum. These are used as fuels. The burning of petrol and diesel releases carbon dioxide but not Chlorofluorocarbons.

The correct answer is A.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following air pollutants is produced from the incomplete burning of vehicle fuels?

A
Carbon monoxide

B
Carbon dioxide

C
Sulphur trioxide

D
Sulphur dioxide

Solution

Vehicles are fuelled by the burning of petrol and diesel. The burning of these fuels produces high level of pollutants such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, etc. When these fuels are incompletely burnt, carbon monoxide is produced. This gas affects the ability of oxygen to bind to haemoglobin. Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas.

The correct answer is A.

Question 9

1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Gases produced from vehicles, power plants, cooling devices, etc. cause diseases such as respiratory problems, breathing difficulties and skin diseases.

Which table correctly matches the pollutant gases with the diseases caused by them?

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Carbon monoxide Skin disease

Sulphur dioxide
Lung damage

Chlorofluorocarbons

Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Carbon monoxide
Reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Sulphur dioxide
Lung damage

Chlorofluorocarbons
Skin disease

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog
Skin disease

Carbon monoxide
Lung damage

Sulphur dioxide
Asthma

Chlorofluorocarbons

Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Carbon monoxide
Lung damage

Sulphur dioxide
Reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Chlorofluorocarbons
Skin disease

Solution

Smog is a mixture of fog and smoke that is produced from the burning of fuels. The oxides of nitrogen in smoke combine with fog to form smog. Smog causes breathing difficulties such as asthma, cough, wheezing, etc. It also decreases visibility.

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas produced by the incomplete burning of vehicle fuels. If inhaled, it reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

Sulphur dioxide is produced mainly from thermal power plants. It causes respiratory problems such as lung diseases.

Chlorofluorocarbons produced from aerosols, air conditioners, and refrigerators damage the ozone layer. The ozone layer protects the skin from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the Sun.

The correct answer is B.

Question 10
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Air pollutants cause serious damage to health.Which gas is paired correctly with the disease caused by it?

A

Gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

B

Gas
Disease

Carbon monoxide
Lung damage

C

Gas
Disease

Sulphur dioxide
Skin disease

D

Gas
Disease

Chlorofluorocarbons

Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Solution

Smog is a mixture of fog and smoke that is produced from the burning of fuels. The oxides of nitrogen of smoke combine with fog to form smog. Smog causes breathing difficulties such as asthma, cough, wheezing, etc.

The correct answer is A.
Question 11
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Use the following information to answer the next question.

The most polluted stretch of the river Ganga is the stretch that flows through the city of Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh.

Which of the following activities is not the major factor responsible for the pollution of Ganga?

A
Defecation in the river

B
Excess fishing in the river

C
Immersing idols of gods in the river

D
Disposing polythene bags into the river

Solution

Although fishing causes water pollution however, the pollution of river Ganga across Kanpur is not the result of excessive fishing. The polluted state of the river Ganga is the result of activities such as bathing, washing, defecation, throwing of garbage, polythene bags, immersing idols of gods, and discharge of toxic chemicals from more than 5000 industries located in the region.

The correct answer is B.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which of the following activities does not result in water pollution?

A
Sewage disposal

B
Disposal of dead animals into rivers

C
Industrial discharge of gases such as carbon dioxide

D
Fertilizers and pesticides from the agricultural fields

Solution

Industrial discharge of gases such as carbon dioxide cause air pollution and not water pollution.

The correct answer is C.

Question 13

1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Anand burns crackers on all occasions. Every year Sameer plants a tree on his birthday. Mehar cleans up her house and dumps the wastes in an open area in her colony. Basheer collects dry leaves and twigs from the garden and burns them.

Who contributes to reducing environmental pollution?

Anand

Sameer

Mehar

Basheer

Solution

Carbon dioxide is one of the major air pollutants. Trees absorb harmful carbon dioxide gas during photosynthesis. Sameer plants a tree every year. This helps in reducing environmental pollution.

The correct answer is B.

Question 14

1 / -0

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Consider the following statements regarding air pollution.

I. Use of mass transit system reduces air pollution.

II. Fuels such as CNG should be encouraged to reduce air pollution.

III. Burning crackers reduces the CO₂ content of air.

Among the given statements,

only statement I is true

only statement III is true

statement I and II are true

statement II and III are true

Solution

A decrease in the number of vehicles on the road will directly reduce the levels of air pollution. This can be achieved by adopting a mass transit system for transportation.

Fuels like CNG and LPG are cleaner fuels compared to other conventional fuels such as diesel and petrol. Burning of diesel and petrol produces more harmful and poisonous gases as compared to the burning of fuels such as CNG and LPG.

Therefore, statements I and II are true.

Burning crackers increases the CO₂ content of air, thus causing air pollution. Therefore, statement III is false.

The correct answer is C.

Question 15
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Use the following information to answer the next question.

Clear and transparent looking water is not always potable. This is because it may contain microorganisms like algae, bacteria, etc.

The best method to kill microorganisms and purify water is by the process of

A
boiling

B
freezing

C
filtration

D
decantation

Solution

Microorganisms such as algae, bacteria, etc. die when exposed to high temperatures. Thus, microorganisms that are present in water die when water is boiled at high temperatures thereby, purifying the water.

The correct answer is A.
Question 16
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Clear and transparent looking water

A
is always potable

B
always smells unpleasant

C
may contain sand particles

D
may contain microorganisms

Solution

Small microorganisms cannot be seen through the naked eye. Water that looks clear and transparent may contain microorganisms and dissolved impurities. These cannot be seen through the naked eye.

The correct answer is D.
Question 17
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Consider the following statements regarding the components of air.

I. Pure air does not contain carbon dioxide.

II. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and sulphur dioxide are not present in pure air.

III. The amount of oxygen in the water of polluted ponds and rivers is higher than the amount present in non-polluted waters.

Among the given statements, which one is correct?

A
only statement I is correct

B
only statement III is correct

C
statement I and III are incorrect

D
statement II and III are incorrect

Solution

Pure air is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and the remaining 1% is a mixture of carbon dioxide, water vapor, hydrogen, helium, etc.

The amount of oxygen in polluted ponds and rivers is less than the amount present in non-polluted water. When pollutants enter water bodies, they act as nutrients for algae, thereby leading to an increase in the population of algae. This leads to increased consumption of oxygen. Thus, the amount of oxygen in the water reduces.

Therefore, statements I and III are incorrect.

Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide are air pollutants. These are not present in pure air. Therefore, statement II is correct.

Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Question 18
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Which of the following measures does not help in purifying tap water?

A
Boiling

B
Storing in earthen pots

C
Adding chlorine tablets

D
Filtering through candle filters

Solution

Water cannot be purified by storing in earthen pots. Earthen pots help to keep the temperature of the water cool. They do not help to purify water.

The correct answer is B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Pollutant gas	Disease
Smog	Asthma
Carbon monoxide	Skin disease
Sulphur dioxide	Lung damage
Chlorofluorocarbons	Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Gas	Disease
Chlorofluorocarbons	Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollution of Air and Water Test - 14

Result

Pollution of Air and Water Test - 14

Score

-

Rank

-

SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Carbon dioxide

Nitrous oxide

Ammonia

Methane

Solution

Question 2

Marble cancer

Global warming

Reduction in soil fertility

Pollution of water bodies

Solution

Question 3

Acid rain

Water pollution

Global warming

Ozone layer depletion

Solution

Question 4

I → II → III → IV

I → IV → III → II

IV → III → II → I

IV → I → III → II

Solution

Question 5

Air

Soil

Water

Noise

Solution

Question 6

It makes the pond water toxic for algae

It increases the level of oxygen in the pond

It reduces the temperature of water in the pond

It decreases the population of aquatic organisms

Solution

Question 7

Petroleum

Refrigerators

Aerosol sprays

Air conditioners

Solution

Question 8

Carbon monoxide

Carbon dioxide

Sulphur trioxide

Sulphur dioxide

Solution

Question 9

Pollutant gas Disease Smog Asthma Carbon monoxide Skin disease Sulphur dioxide Lung damage Chlorofluorocarbons Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollutant gas Disease Smog Asthma Carbon monoxide Reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood Sulphur dioxide Lung damage Chlorofluorocarbons Skin disease

Pollutant gas Disease Smog Skin disease Carbon monoxide Lung damage Sulphur dioxide Asthma Chlorofluorocarbons Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollutant gas Disease Smog Asthma Carbon monoxide Lung damage Sulphur dioxide Reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood Chlorofluorocarbons Skin disease

Solution

Question 10

Gas Disease Smog Asthma

Gas Disease Carbon monoxide Lung damage

Gas Disease Sulphur dioxide Skin disease

Gas Disease Chlorofluorocarbons Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Solution

Question 11

Defecation in the river

Excess fishing in the river

Immersing idols of gods in the river

Disposing polythene bags into the river

Solution

Question 12

Sewage disposal

Disposal of dead animals into rivers

Industrial discharge of gases such as carbon dioxide

Fertilizers and pesticides from the agricultural fields

Solution

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Carbon monoxide Skin disease

Sulphur dioxide
Lung damage

Chlorofluorocarbons

Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Carbon monoxide
Reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Sulphur dioxide
Lung damage

Chlorofluorocarbons
Skin disease

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog
Skin disease

Carbon monoxide
Lung damage

Sulphur dioxide
Asthma

Chlorofluorocarbons

Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Pollutant gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Carbon monoxide
Lung damage

Sulphur dioxide
Reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Chlorofluorocarbons
Skin disease

Gas
Disease

Smog

Asthma

Gas
Disease

Carbon monoxide
Lung damage

Gas
Disease

Sulphur dioxide
Skin disease

Gas
Disease

Chlorofluorocarbons

Reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood