Improvement in Food Resources Test - 17

• Animal husbandry is the management of farm animals where farm rearing, feeding, caring and breeding of farm animals is done. It also includes caring and grooming livestock (domestic animals) that are raised to produce food and fiber like a cow for milk, chicken for meat and eggs, and pig for meat.
• Animal husbandry also takes care of the proper breeding of domesticated animals with desirable characteristics that allow the creation and maintenance of a good generation of animals. 
• The breeding, rearing, and transplantation of fish by artificial means is called pisciculture, in other words, fish farming.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Since, humans first domesticated cats and dogs, these furry friends have taken on increasingly important roles in people's lives. As wild animals, dogs and cats first entered human life in the role of hunting animals and guardians, then as companions and finally as family members. 

• Cattle farming is defined as the management of cattle by humans for obtaining good quality and quantity of milk and as help in agriculture work,
• The milch animals like buffaloes, cows, she-goats give milk. The other cattle which do not give milk like ox are called draught animals They help in farming practices like tilling, and irrigation. They can also be used for driving carts.
• Cattle farming includes only rearing of cattle and not of hen and duck, hence no egg production happens. Therefore points (i), (ii), and (iii)  are correct, but point (iv) is incorrect. 
• So, the correct option is A.

• The raising and care of bees for commercial or agricultural purposes is known as apiculture. It is the maintenance of honeybee colonies, commonly in hives, by humans.
• A beekeeper keeps bees in order to collect honey and other products of the hive (including beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly) to pollinate crops. A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or bee yard. 
• Sericulture is the process of cultivating silkworms and extracting silk from them.
  
• Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium separate from the parent organism. 
  
• The breeding, rearing, and transplantation of fish by artificial means is called pisciculture, in other words, fish farming.

Hence, option B is correct.

• A check dam also called a gully plug is a small, often temporary, dam constructed across a swale, drainage ditch, or waterway to counteract erosion by reducing water flow velocity. 
  
• They hold water and prevent soil erosion, they help in recharging groundwater. 
  
• That is why it is important to make small check dams across the flooded gullies.

Poultry farming is the method of rearing and maintaining domestic fowl. In a poultry farm, there are two types of fowls called broilers and layers. Layers are the egg-laying fowls with low meat content. Broilers are the fowls reared for the meat. 

• Mixed farming is the process of growing crops and livestock animals in same area. In mixed farming manure is available from livestock animals maintains soil fertility. 
• Crop rotation is the method of cultivation in which different crops are cultivated on the same land in successive seasons. It helps to maintain soil productivity. 
• Mono-cropping is the pattern of cropping of a similar type of plant in the same land throughout the year. It reduces biodiversity and increases the difficulty in nutrient cycling. 
• Intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crops on the same piece of land in alternate rows. It increases land productivity and acts as insurance for the farmers during crop failure.

Mixed cropping is a technique that involves growing up of two or more different crops in the same field. The different crops to be grown together are so chosen that they do not have common pests and pathogens or similar requirements of water and animals. For example, groundnut and sunflower/gram.