Principles of Management Test - 3

According to Fayol, chain of authority and communication should not be violated in the normal course of formal communication. A worker cannot directly contact the CEO of the company. If at all she/he has to, then all the formal levels i.e., foreman, superintendent, manager, director etc have to know about the matter.However, in an emergency it can be possible that a worker can contact CEO directly. This is called Gang Plank.

Taylor advocated that Under the factory manager there was a planning incharge and a production incharge.Under Production incharge, personnel who would work were

1. Speed boss - Responsible for timely and accurate completion of job.
2. Gang boss - Responsible for keeping machine and tools ready for operation.
3. Repair boss - To Ensure prope working condition of machines.
4. Inspector - To Check the quality of work.

Division of work suggests that :

• Work should be divided into small tasks/jobs.
• A trained specialist who is competent is required to perform each job.
• Thus, division of work leads to specialisation.

The 14 principles of management propounded by Henri Fayol. Scalar Chain is one of the principle given by Henri Fayol which suggeest that organisations should have a chain of authority and communication that runs from top to bottom and should be followed by managers and the subordinates.

Fatigue study, Method study and Motion study are work study techniques given by F.W. Taylor.

• The objective of method study is to find out one best way of doing the job.
• There are various methods of doing the job.
• To determine the best way there are several parameters.
• The objective of the whole exercise is to minimise the cost of production and maximise the quality and satisfaction of the customer

This statement "Fayol's principles are applicable in specialised situations whereas Taylor's principles have universal application." is absolutely false. 

The opposite of above statement is true. i.e., "Fayol's principles are applicable universally whereas Taylor's principles are applicable in specialised situations." 

Functional foremanship is an extension of the principle of division of work and specialisation to the shop floor.

• Each worker will have to take orders from these eight foremen in the related process or function of production.
• Foremen should have intelligence, education, tact, grit, judgment, special knowledge, manual dexterity, and energy, honesty and good health.
• Since all these qualities could not be found in a single person so Taylor proposed eight specialists.

Gang Boss keeps machines, materials, tools etc., ready for operations by concerned workers. Whereas 

• Repair Boss ensure proper working condition of machines and tools.
• Instruction Card Clerk draft instructions for the workers.
• Route Clerk specify the route of production.

• Henry Fayol was a mining engineer in the beginning.
• Later on he started at the mining company ‘Compagnie de commentary-Fourchambean-Decazeville, ultimately acting as its managing director

On close examination of body motions, for example, it is possible to find out:

(i) Motions which are productive

(ii) Motions which are incidental (e.g., going to stores)

(iii) Motions which are unproductive.

Taylor suggested that Unnecessary movements (unproductive motions) are sought to be eliminated so that it takes less time to complete the job efficiently