Human Reproduction Test - 10

• Spermatogenesis is the process of the production of sperms from spermatogonia in the testis.
• Puberty is the time of onset of this process.

Acrosome derived from Golgi body and have enzyme for sperm penetration

The sperm is the male reproductive cell, which possesses the haploid gamete which when fused with the ovum fertilized to form an embryo. The sperm is produced in the male reproductive organs of the organism and is always smaller when compared to the ovum. The sperm is a motile cell that has 4 regions., the head, the neck, the middle piece, and the tail. Each performing specific functions to aid in fertilization. The head of the sperm consists of the haploid nucleus and several small structures called the acrosome. The acrosome contains enzymes that enable the sperm to penetrate the ovum. When a sperm encounters an egg, openings develop in the sperm acrosome, exposing enzymes, that digest a path through the zona pellucida surrounding the secondary oocyte. As soon as one sperm enters the secondary oocyte, changes occur that prevent the entrance of other sperm. As the fertilizing sperm enters, it usually loses its flagellum. Sperm entry stimulates the secondary oocyte to complete its second meiotic division. The head of the haploid sperm then swells to form the male pronucleus and fuses with the female pronucleus to form the diploid nucleus of the zygote.
Correct answer is A.

After spermiogenesis, sperm heads become embedded in the Sertoli cells, and are finally released from the seminiferous tubules by the process called spermiation.

The liberation  of  sperms  from  testes  is  called  Semination. The liberation  of  sperms  from the body of the male is  called  Ejaculation. Mammalian  sperms  are transferred to the vagina of females by the process  called  insemination.

 

During multiplication phase, the germ cells of seminiferous tubules present near the capsule divide and produce primary spermatocytes cells by mitosis. The growth phase is marked by an increase in cell size of primary spermatocytes to undergo meiosis. The maturation phase starts with meiosis I in the primary spermatocyte to produces two secondary spermatocytes (n) which is followed by meiosis II that produces four spermatids. The maturation phase is the longest one. 

Acrosome derived from Golgi body and have enzyme for sperm penetration.

The middle piece possesses numerous mitochondria, which produce energy for the movement of tail that facilitates sperm motility essential for fertilisation.

Meiosis II is Equational division  

The spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperms) by the process called spermiogenesis.

• Spermatogenesis produces haploid spermatids from diploid spermatogonia.
• A tetraploid person will have tetraploid spermatogonia which upon undergoing meiosis will result in diploid spermatids.
• The person would be infertile.

Some of the spermatogonia called primary spermatocytes periodically undergo meiosis. A primary spermatocyte completes the first meiotic division (reduction division) leading to formation of two equal, haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes, which have only 23 chromosomes each. The secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to produce four equal, haploid
spermatids  
 

LH acts at the Leydig cells and stimulates synthesis and secretion of androgens. Androgens, in turn, stimulate the process of spermatogenesis. FSH acts on the Sertoli cells

The middle piece possesses numerous mitochondria.

The maturation of human sperm occurs in the Epididymis . Option 2 is the correct answer. The epididymis is a coiled tube located at the back of each testicle, where sperm undergo the final stages of maturation, become more motile, and gain the ability to fertilize an egg.

After spermiogenesis,sperm heads become embedded in the Sertoli cells, and are finally released from the seminiferous tubules by the process called spermiation.