Attitude and Social Cognition Test

Question 1
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Which of these four statements about self-report measures of attitude are correct?
1. Self-report measures can be affected by people ’s desire to state socially desirable attitudes.
2. Contemporary research uses self-report methods when there is a question over people ’s ability to rate their attitudes accurately.
3. Self-report measures have predicted a variety of relevant behaviours in past research.
4. Measures that have been designed to elicit attitudes without relying on self-reports still rely on overt behaviours towards the attitude object.
A
1 &4

B
1 &3

C
2 &3

D
3 &4

Question 2
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Which of the following definitions of important terms within the behavioural component of attitude structure is INCORRECT?

A
Counter-attitudinal advocacy involves presenting an attitude or opinion, within a role-play context, which opposes the person ’s initial attitude.

B
Cognitive dissonance theory describes how people may feel an aversive tension when their behaviour is inconsistent with their attitude, and in order to reduce their discomfort, will change their behaviour to be consistent with their attitude.

C
Self-perception theory indicates that people may guess their own attitude from their behaviour towards the attitude object, particularly when they can see no external reasons for the behaviour.

D
Self-perception processes occur when people perform a behaviour that strongly contradicts their initial attitude.

Question 3
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According to Ajzen ’s (1975) theory of planned behaviour, behavioural intentions are influenced by:
1. The objective norms regarding the behaviour.
2. The attitude towards the behaviour.
3. Perceived control over performance of the behaviour.
4. All of the above.
A
1 &2

B
2 &3

C
1 &3

D
4

Question 4
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According to the theory of planned behaviour, what factors influence people ’s intentions to act in specific ways?

A
Attitudes toward the behaviour

B
Subjective norms regarding the behaviour

C
Objective norms regarding the behaviour

D
Perceived control over performance of the behaviour

E
(a), (b) and (d)

Question 5
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According to Kelley ’s covariation model of attribution, if Sylvia always laughs at comedians, then her behaviour would be described as having ____________.

A
High consistency

B
Low distinctiveness

C
High consensus

D
(a), (b) and (c)

E
(a) and (b)

Question 6
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Identify the CORRECT statement with regard to the self-serving bias:

A
The strength of the self-serving bias is the same across cultures.

B
We tend to attribute our success to internal factors and our failure to external factors.

C
The usual explanation for the self-serving bias relates to cognitive factors.

D
Attributing success to external causes has been referred to as the self-enhancing bias.

Question 7
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Which of these statements is CORRECT?

A
People in non-Western cultures make the same kinds of attributions as people in Western individualistic societies.

B
The fundamental attribution error is not found in collectivist cultures.

C
Non-Western people do not make dispositional attributions.

D
Miller argues that different cultural representations of people are learned from cognitive and perceptual factors.

Question 8
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Societally recognized mental representations of social groups and their members that include behavioural and trait characteristics about those social groups are referred to as ___________.

A
Role schemas

B
Person schemas

C
Actor-observer effects

D
Stereotypes

E
Biases

Question 9
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What are the specific qualities of schemas that make them useful for organizing our experiences and information in the social world?

A
Schemas preserve cognitive resources

B
Schemas facilitate recall of information

C
Schemas are based on expectations and prior experience

D
Schemas can cue emotions

E
All of the above

Question 10
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Which of these are NOT features of stereotypes?

A
They only have a cognitive function.

B
They are ideological in nature.

C
They have symbolic meaning.

D
None of the above –all are correct.

Submit Test

Attitude and So...

Question 1

1 &4

1 &3

2 &3

3 &4

Question 2

Counter-attitudinal advocacy involves presenting an attitude or opinion, within a role-play context, which opposes the person ’s initial attitude.

Cognitive dissonance theory describes how people may feel an aversive tension when their behaviour is inconsistent with their attitude, and in order to reduce their discomfort, will change their behaviour to be consistent with their attitude.

Self-perception theory indicates that people may guess their own attitude from their behaviour towards the attitude object, particularly when they can see no external reasons for the behaviour.

Self-perception processes occur when people perform a behaviour that strongly contradicts their initial attitude.

Question 3

1 &2

2 &3

1 &3

4

Question 4

Attitudes toward the behaviour

Subjective norms regarding the behaviour

Objective norms regarding the behaviour

Perceived control over performance of the behaviour

(a), (b) and (d)

Question 5

High consistency

Low distinctiveness

High consensus

(a), (b) and (c)

(a) and (b)

Question 6

The strength of the self-serving bias is the same across cultures.

We tend to attribute our success to internal factors and our failure to external factors.

The usual explanation for the self-serving bias relates to cognitive factors.

Attributing success to external causes has been referred to as the self-enhancing bias.

Question 7

People in non-Western cultures make the same kinds of attributions as people in Western individualistic societies.

The fundamental attribution error is not found in collectivist cultures.

Non-Western people do not make dispositional attributions.

Miller argues that different cultural representations of people are learned from cognitive and perceptual factors.

Question 8

Role schemas

Person schemas

Actor-observer effects

Stereotypes

Biases

Question 9

Schemas preserve cognitive resources

Schemas facilitate recall of information

Schemas are based on expectations and prior experience

Schemas can cue emotions

All of the above

Question 10

They only have a cognitive function.

They are ideological in nature.

They have symbolic meaning.

None of the above –all are correct.

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