Language Comprehension Test - 13

Since Independence the policy of the government of India towards private foreign investment and collaboration has moved from cautious encouragement through a brief spell of near 'open door' in the fifties, a long phase of rigorous selectivity from 1968 to 1991 onto current post-1991 policy of open encouragement of direct investment specially in priority areas even with 51 percent participation in equity.

1). Independent India started with a legacy of well-established foreign capital and all the fear and prejudice associated with it.

2). Based on the exposure of a series of misdeeds perpetrated on some third countries by some of the multinational like International Telephone and Telegraph corp. (ITT), United Fruit, Union Miniere and Lockheed, criticism welled up against the MNCs in the Indian parliament and outside.

3). During the seventies and eighties, official view has been inevitably influenced by the controversy the world over on the role of multinational corporations in relation to third world countries.

4). While the overwhelming thrust has all along been towards the goal of a self-sufficient economy and of freeing national economic and industrial policy from the dictates and manipulates of foreign capital, the compulsions of an economy of scarcity and chronic foreign exchange deficiency also had an effect in shaping official policy towards foreign investment and foreign collaboration.

On the other hand, there was also a realisation that all foreign enterprises operating in India should not be tarred with the same brush and that there were some amongst them who were performing a useful role in the economy by their import-substitution or export-oriented operation, or by making valuable contribution to the technological skill and capability of our country.

Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank in each sentence, to make the sentence meaningful.

I do not approve ____ the views expressed by you.

Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank in each sentence, to make the sentence meaningful.

When he ____ that his life was in danger he called out for help.

Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank in each sentence, to make the sentence meaningful.

Our country is committed to ____ peace all over the world.

Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank in each sentence, to make the sentence meaningful.

Although he is a balanced person, he occasionally loses his _____ .

Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank in each sentence, to make the sentence meaningful.

The tunnel was so ____ and congested that we became frightened.

Arrange the following to form a coherent passage -

1). A difference in the frequency of usage of counter proposing between skilled and average negotiators suggests that counter proposing may not be, as effective one tends to think it would be.

2). I may have suggested that my son buy a pair of trousers at a certain price whereas my son would have made a counterproposal that he would rather buy two pairs at half price each.

3). Research conducted across several negotiators ranging from sales negotiators to purchase and labour negotiators shows that average negotiators tend to counter propose more often than skilled negotiators.

4). This happens in everyday life too.

5). Think back to the last time you were discussing completing an assignment with one of your colleagues : you may have suggested that you both come in on Saturday to finish the work and your colleague may have counter proposed that you could stay back on Friday evening and finish it instead.

Arrange the following to form a coherent passage -

1). Thrills, ranging from video games to burgers cover the rest.

2). This is because the returns from browsing cover only a percentage of your costs.

3). The bigger your cafe, the more is the need for additional mean of income.

4). Some cafes can get away with being plain vanilla.

5). These fruits will make your clients spend more time with you and also add to your profits.

6). But others cannot.

Arrange the following to form a coherent passage -

P). Exchange control does not altogether prohibit Indian banks keeping open positions during the course of a day.

1). Indeed, unless they are willing to take open positions, they will cease to be market-makers.

2). For market-makers offering two-way quotes in the international markets, open positions are far more common.

3). Thus, depending on the policy of a bank, dealers may be allowed to take intra-day positions in order to make profit.

4). For instance, a dealer expecting the dollar to weaken during the day might deliberately create, through customer transactions and transaction in the inter-bank market, an oversold position in the hope of squaring it later during a day at a profit, should his expectation about the dollar weakening materialise.

Q). Large overbought or oversold positions are often deliberately built up in the hope of profiting from price movements.

Arrange the following to form a coherent passage -

P). The one major cause for the current weakened state of Indian banks is the level and volume of non-performing assets.

1). Yet, the fact remains that the banks allowed themselves to be pressurized into lowering their guard in the one area of business that is and should be their bread and butter of existence- risk assessment.

2). Description such as 'deceased portfolio' and figures running into thousands of crores have all led to treating the problem as a major one-time aberration requiring emergency treatment.

3). The causal explanations - political interference, wilful defaults, targeted lending and even fraudulent behaviours by banks - have some grain of truth in them.

4). The problem has not been looked at in its proper perspective.

Q). The response from the banks is to concentrate on somehow reducing the amount and number of accounts in this category.