Biology Test - 55

There is four such a response in which electron is transported from substrate to electron-allowing enzyme. In three of those, \(NAD^+\) is decreased to \(NADH\) and in one \(FAD\) decreases to \(FADH_2\). The TCA cycle is likewise recognized as the Krebs cycle after the signature of English biochemist Hans Kreb who illustrated the pathway in the \(1930\)s.In three of these, \(N A D^+\) is reduced to \(N A D H\) and in one \(F A D\) reduces to \(F ADH _{2}\).

Increase in concentration of water in a system leads to increase in kinetic energy and thereby the water potential of the plant. It reduces hypertonic solution and aim to achieve isotonic condition. It decreases the solute potential as the water content increases in comparison to solutes dissolved. Transpiration doesn’t depend on amount of water present in the system.

The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits.

The Earth Summit of Rio De Janeiro was ‘The United Nation Conference On Environment and Development’ held on 3rd to 14th in June 1992. The main issue of this conference was environmental and sustainable development. It was organised by the United Nations general assembly. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included; conservation of biodiversity, i.e. protection, upliftment and scientific management of biodiversity so as to maintain it at its threshold level and derive sustainable benefits for the present and future generation. Total of 105 countries gathered to demonstrate their commitment to sustainable development. The focus of this conference was the state of the global environment and the relationship between economics, science and the environment in a political context.

'Sparging' is the process in which an inert gas is bubbled through the solvent reservoir to remove dissolved gases. Air sparging, a remediation process in which air is pushed through contaminated water or soil to remove volatile pollutants.

Acetyl CoAis an important end product of disassembly of fatty acids.

The metabolites of TCA cycle are also the same compounds generated by other catabolic processes in the cell. For instance, Acetyl CoA is also an important end product of disassembly of fatty acids.

The cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule are well adapted for reabsorption of materials from the filtrate. They have abundant mitochondria and bear numerous microvilli on the free side. Mitochondria power the active transport of nutrient molecules back into the blood. The cells reabsorb entire glucose, amino acids, most of the inorganic ions \(\left( Na ^{+}, K ^{+}, Cl^{-}\right)\), much of the water as well as some urea from the filtrate.

The pressure difference in the afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus leads to filtering of blood substances from the basement membrane cells of the glomerulus. Most of the water, salts, urea, glucose are collected as solutes in the glomerular filtrate and is passed to the PCT.

Proteins are polymers of amino acids.Each amino acid contains a central carbon, a hydrogen, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group.Proteins are the building blocks of life. Every cell in the human body contains protein. The basic structure of protein is a chain of amino acids.

Under a particular set of selection pressures, organisms evolve towards the most efficient reproductive strategies.

The term reproductive strategy is loosely used to refer to the way an animal mates and or raises offspring. It could also refer to semelparous reproduction, one reproductive episode in a lifetime or iteroparous reproduction, multiple reproductive episodes over the course of an organism's life.

In Hershey and Chase experiments, radioactive \({ }^{32} \mathrm{P}\) was used to culture bacteriophages viral DNA resulted in radioactive.

Bacteriophages produced within bacteria growing in radioactive culture medium will themselves be radioactive. When bacteriophages containing \({ }^{32} \mathrm{P}\) (radioactive), were allowed to infect nonradioactive bacteria, all the infected cells became radioactive and, in fact, much of the radioactivity was passed on to the next generation of bacteriophages. It was found that If radioactive phosphorus \({ }^{32} \mathrm{P}\) is used, the DNA become radioactive - because of its many phosphorus atoms.