Human Reproduction Test

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Human Reproduction Test - 4

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
4 / -1

A regular cycling woman is not menstruating. Which one of the following is the most likely root cause of this?

A
Maintenance of the hypertrophical endometrial lining

B
Maintenance of high concentration of sexhormones in the blood stream

C
Retention of well-developed corpus luteum

D
Fertilisation of the ovum

Solution

Menstruation does not take place if the ovum is fertilised.
Question 2
4 / -1

Read the following statements about menstrual cycle and select two correct statements.
(i) Lack of menstruation may be indicative of pregnancy.
(ii) The changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of ovarian hormones only.
(iii) LH surge induces ovulation.
(iv) If fertilisation occurs, corpus luteum degenerates immediately.

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(ii) and (iii)

C
(i) and (iii)

D
(ii) and (iv)

Solution

Lack of menstruation may be indicative of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the levels of estrogen and progesterone are high in the blood, which are required for the maintenance of uterus and thus, menstruation does not occur. On 14th day of the menstrual cycle, there is rapid increase in LH (called LH surge), that induces ovulation. The changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of ovarian hormones and pituitary hormones. If fertilisation occurs, corpus luteum degenerates by 16th week of pregnancy.
Question 3
4 / -1

During bleeding phase of menstrual cycle unfertilised secondary oocyte undergoes autolysis. The interplay of hormones then is

A
progesterone and estrogen continue the hypertrophy of endometrial lining

B
prolactin and progesterone reduces LH level causing regression of corpus luteum

C
progesterone inhibits the release of LH from pituitary causing regression of corpus luteum

D
prolactin and estrogen inhibits progesterone secretion leading to sloughing off uterine lining

Solution

If fertilisation does not occur, the secondary oocyte undergoes autolysis and progesterone (secreted by persistent corpus luteum) inhibits the release of LH from pituitary. Reduction of LH level causes regression of corpus luteum by autolysis and thus fall in the progesterone level in the blood. Due to deficiency of progesterone, uterine lining sloughs off causing bleeding. This whole phase is called bleeding phase.
Question 4
4 / -1

Below is given the unorganised list of some important events in the human female reproductive cycle. Identify the correct sequence of these events and select the correct option.
(i) Secretion of FSH
(ii) Growth of corpus luteum
(iii) Growth of the follicle
(iv) Ovulation
(v) Sudden increase in the levels of

A
(i)→(iv)→(iii)→(v)→(ii)

B
(ii)→(i)→(iii)→(iv)→(v)

C
(iii)→(i)→(iv)→(ii)→(v)

D
(i)→(iii)→(v)→(iv)→(ii)
Question 5
4 / -1

Name the hormone that has no role in menstruation.

A
LH

B
FSH

C
Estradiol

D
TSH

Solution

TSH or thyroid stimulating hormone has no role in menstruation.
Question 6
4 / -1

The time for optimum chances of conception in a woman is_________starting from the day of menstruation.

A
1st day

B
4th day

C
14th day

D
26th day

Solution

On the 14th day of menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs, so chances of conception are optimum.
Question 7
4 / -1

The roots that originate from the base of the stem are:

A
Fibrous roots

B
Primary roots

C
Prop roots

D
Lateral roots

Solution

In most of the monocots, the roots that originate from the base of the stem are called fibrous roots.
Question 8
4 / -1

Withdrawal of which of the following hormones is the immediate cause of menstruation?

A
Progesterone

B
Estrogen

C
FSH

D
FSH-RH

Solution

Progesterone is required for the maintenance of the endometrial lining of the uterus. As soon as the production of progesterone is reduced due to reduction in the production of LH from anterior lobe of the pituitary, the endometrium of the uterus breaks down and menstruation begins.
Question 9
4 / -1

If mammalian ovum fails to get fertilized, which one of the following is unlikely?

A
Corpus luteum will disintegrate

B
Progesterone secretion rapidly declines

C
Estrogen secretion further decreases

D
Primary follicle starts developing

Solution

If the ovum fails to get fertilised, then corpus luteum (source of progesterone and estrogen) will disintegrate resulting in a decrease in the level of progesterone and estrogen. Thus, the endometrial lining of the uterus sloughs off and menstruation begins, marking a new cycle.
Question 10
4 / -1

Cessation of menstrual cycle in a woman is called

A
lactation

B
ovulation

C
menopause

D
parturition

Solution

Menopause is a phase occurring between the age of 45 to 55 years in woman's life when ovulation and menstruation stop. during menopause, the level of estrogen in the blood decrease. Thus, estrogen can go longer inhibit the production of FSH and LH. therefore, FSH and LH (mainly FSH) are produced after menopause in large quantities and these (mainly FSH) are excreted out in urine.
Question 11
4 / -1

Repair of endometrium is undertaken by

A
LH

B
FSH

C
estrogen

D
prolactin

Solution

Estrogen secreted from ovarian follicles under the influence of FSH, causes proliferation of the endometrium of the uterine wall.
Question 12
4 / -1

For human female which of the following is incorrect?

A
Menstrual cycle takes 28 days on an average

B
Menopause occurs at 45−55 years of age

C
The eggs released during pregnancy die

D
Menstruation takes 4 days on an average

Solution

During pregnancy, high levels of progesterone inhibits FSH and LH secretion. In absence of these hormones, there is no chance of ovulation and thus no pregnancy.
Question 13
4 / -1

The accompanying diagram shows the changes that take place in the endometrium during a normal menstrual cycle. Identify the changes and select the correct option.

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

Menstruation occurs for 1−5 days and ovulation occurs on 14th day of a normal menstrual cycle.
Question 14
4 / -1

Which of the following statements concerning menopause is correct?

A
Menopause occurs because all of the female's follicles become hormone-producing corpus luteum at once.

B
Menopausal symptoms are a result of decrease in the production of FSH and LH.

C
The onset of menopause is primarly due to follicle atresia

D
All of these

Solution

Follicular atresia means degeneration of follicles. Thus, if all follicles get degenerated at the age of 45-50 years, there will be no ovulation and hence no menstruation which leads to menopause.
Question 15
4 / -1

Study the graph carefully and correlate the hormone levels on
(i) 1-5 days
(ii) 12-14 days
(iii) 25-28 days (if the ovum is not fertilised).

A
(i) LH decreases and FSH increases
(ii) LH increases and FSH decreases
(iii) LH level maintained and FSH level increases

B
(i) LH increases and FSH decreases
(ii) LH decreases and FSH increases
(iii) LH level increases and FSH level maintained

C
(i) LH increases and FSH decreases
(ii) LH peaks and FSH peaks
(iii) LH level decreases and FSH level maintained

D
(i) LH peaks and FSH peaks
(ii) LH increases and FSH decreases
(iii) LH level decreases and FSH level maintained

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Human Reproduction Test - 4

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Human Reproduction Test - 4

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Maintenance of the hypertrophical endometrial lining

Maintenance of high concentration of sexhormones in the blood stream

Retention of well-developed corpus luteum

Fertilisation of the ovum

Solution

Question 2

(i) and (ii)

(ii) and (iii)

(i) and (iii)

(ii) and (iv)

Solution

Question 3

progesterone and estrogen continue the hypertrophy of endometrial lining

prolactin and progesterone reduces LH level causing regression of corpus luteum

progesterone inhibits the release of LH from pituitary causing regression of corpus luteum

prolactin and estrogen inhibits progesterone secretion leading to sloughing off uterine lining

Solution

Question 4

(i)→(iv)→(iii)→(v)→(ii)

(ii)→(i)→(iii)→(iv)→(v)

(iii)→(i)→(iv)→(ii)→(v)

(i)→(iii)→(v)→(iv)→(ii)

Question 5

LH

FSH

Estradiol

TSH

Solution

Question 6

1st day

4th day

14th day

26th day

Solution

Question 7

Fibrous roots

Primary roots

Prop roots

Lateral roots

Solution

Question 8

Progesterone

Estrogen

FSH

FSH-RH

Solution

Question 9

Corpus luteum will disintegrate

Progesterone secretion rapidly declines

Estrogen secretion further decreases

Primary follicle starts developing

Solution

Question 10

lactation

ovulation

menopause

parturition

Solution

Question 11

LH

FSH

estrogen

prolactin

Solution

Question 12

Menstrual cycle takes 28 days on an average

Menopause occurs at 45−55 years of age

The eggs released during pregnancy die

Menstruation takes 4 days on an average

Solution

Question 13

(i) LH decreases and FSH increases
(ii) LH increases and FSH decreases
(iii) LH level maintained and FSH level increases

(i) LH increases and FSH decreases
(ii) LH decreases and FSH increases
(iii) LH level increases and FSH level maintained

(i) LH increases and FSH decreases
(ii) LH peaks and FSH peaks
(iii) LH level decreases and FSH level maintained

(i) LH peaks and FSH peaks
(ii) LH increases and FSH decreases
(iii) LH level decreases and FSH level maintained