Excretory Products and their Elimination Test

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test - 2

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In the ornithine cycle for formation of urea, which substance acts as an immediate precursor of urea?

A
Arginine

B
Citrulline

C
Ornithine

D
Arginosuccinic acid

Solution

Arginine, formed by splitting of arginosuccinic acid, acts as the immediate precursor of urea. Arginine splits down into ornithine and urea in the presence of enzyme arginase.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following is an incorrect sentence?

A
Earthworms excrete both ammonia and urea.

B
Lung fishes only excrete ammonia.

C
Tadpoles excrete urea in place of ammonia after metamorphosis.

D
The blood of sharks contains urea.

Solution

Lung fishes generally excrete ammonia but when water becomes insufficient, they excrete urea. Thus, they excrete both ammonia and urea.
Question 3
1 / -0

Blood in renal artery is

A
filtered with low O2 and high CO2

B
filtered with low CO2 and high O2

C
unfiltered with high O₂ and low CO₂

D
unfiltered with high CO₂and low O₂

Solution

Blood in the renal artery is unfiltered (contains the highest levels of urea in the body) and has high O₂ levels and low CO₂ levels. This O₂ is utilised by the kidney.
Question 4
1 / -0

Oliguria is a condition in which there is

A
low output of urine

B
no output of urine

C
large output of urine

D
pain during urination

Solution

Oliguria or hypouresis is the low output of urine. In humans, it is clinically classified as an output more than 80 ml/day, but less than 400 ml/day.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which one of the following incorrectly explains the function of a specific hormone in kidney function?

A
Renin - Secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex

B
Aldosterone - Excretion of potassium ions and reabsorption of sodium ions

C
Parathormone - Increase in phosphate reabsorption

D
Antidiuretic hormone - Water retention

Solution

Parathromone is secreted by parathyroid gland. It reduces absorption of phosphate, thus raising its urinary excretion and lowering extracellular phosphate concentration.
Question 6
1 / -0

Sebaceous glands of the skin primarily excrete

A
water, sterols, hydrocarbons and fatty acids

B
water, salts, NaCl and lactic acid

C
water, salts, water-soluble vitamins and fatty acid

D
water, sterols, lactic acid and NaCl

Solution

Sebaceous glands excrete water, sterols, hydrocarbons and fatty acids. These glands are present in the skin. Their secretion is known as sebum.
Question 7
1 / -0

Liver excretes degradation product of haemoglobin (worn-out RBC) in

A
urine

B
faeces

C
sweat

D
both urine and faeces

Solution

Liver secretes degradation product of haemoglobin in the bile. The bile carries this product to the intestine and is passed out with faeces.
Question 8
1 / -0

Cells that respond to the change in the NaCl levels in the distal tube of the nephron are

A
juxtaglomerular cells

B
extraglomerular mesangial cells

C
cells in macula densa

D
both juxtaglomerular cells and the cells in macula densa

Solution

Cells in the macula densa respond to changes in the sodium chloride levels in the distal tubule of the nephron. These are closely packed specialised cells lining the wall of the distal convoluted tubule.
Question 9
1 / -0

Urinod is the substance which is responsible for

A
colour of urine

B
smell of urine

C
taste of urine

D
acidic pH of urine

Solution

Urinod has a faint aromatic odour. It is responsible for the bad smell of urine. It soon gets a strong smell of ammonia, which forms as a result of degradation of urea.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which among the following do not excrete uric acid as nitrogenous waste?

A
Snakes

B
Lizards

C
Bony fishes

D
Birds

Solution

Nitrogenous waste in bony fishes is ammonia. The large volumes of water they reside in allow them to continuously excrete ammonia.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Excretory Products and their Elimination Test - 2

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test - 2

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Arginine

Citrulline

Ornithine

Arginosuccinic acid

Solution

Question 2

Earthworms excrete both ammonia and urea.

Lung fishes only excrete ammonia.

Tadpoles excrete urea in place of ammonia after metamorphosis.

The blood of sharks contains urea.

Solution

Question 3

filtered with low O2 and high CO2

filtered with low CO2 and high O2

unfiltered with high O2 and low CO2

unfiltered with high CO2 and low O2

Solution

Question 4

low output of urine

no output of urine

large output of urine

pain during urination

Solution

Question 5

Renin - Secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex

Aldosterone - Excretion of potassium ions and reabsorption of sodium ions

Parathormone - Increase in phosphate reabsorption

Antidiuretic hormone - Water retention

Solution

Question 6

water, sterols, hydrocarbons and fatty acids

water, salts, NaCl and lactic acid

water, salts, water-soluble vitamins and fatty acid

water, sterols, lactic acid and NaCl

Solution

Question 7

urine

faeces

sweat

both urine and faeces

Solution

Question 8

juxtaglomerular cells

extraglomerular mesangial cells

cells in macula densa

both juxtaglomerular cells and the cells in macula densa

Solution

Question 9

colour of urine

smell of urine

taste of urine

acidic pH of urine

Solution

Question 10

Snakes

Lizards

Bony fishes

Birds

Solution

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unfiltered with high O₂ and low CO₂

unfiltered with high CO₂and low O₂