Plant Breeding Test - 1

Emasculation is the removal of stamens or anthers or killing of pollen grains of a flower without affecting the female reproductive organs. It is done to prevent self-fertilization.

Gamma rays (from cobalt 60) are generally used for induced mutation in crops plants.

Phytoalexins are phenolic compounds which are not present in healthy plants. They are produced by stimulating the plant by a mechanical or chemical injury. These are fungitoxic substances and inhibit the growth of microorganisms pathogenic to plants. They include ipomeamarone, isocoumarin. Pisatin, orchinol and phaseolin.

The progeny of a single self-fertilized homozygous and uniform plant is called pure line selection. It is method of crop improvement.

Genetic counseling is the giving of information and advice about the risks of genetic diseases and their outcomes. Genetic screening is a part of genetic counseling which includes prenatal diagnosis, carrier diagnosis and predictive diagnosis.

Silk is obtained from a worm, Bombyx mori or silkworm. It is not a plant product.

Haploid production through pollen culture was first made in Datura innoxia by Guha and Maheshwari (1964).

Dwarf wheat varieties like Sonora-64, Lerma rojo-64 and Norin-10 which were introduced in India, increased wheat production.