Biological Classification Test 2

Aristotle was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification. He used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs.

Algae may be unicellular as well as multicellular, primitive algae are unicellular and red and green algae are multicellular having length of several meter.

The three domain system includes Archaebacteria, Eubacteria and Bacteria domain.

A bacterium capable of tolerating extreme heat, dryness and toxic chemicals have ability to produceendospores inside the body that help them to tide over unfavorable conditions.

The virus in which genetic material is RNA are called retrovirus. In this virus reverse transcription takes place to form DNA that synthesisproteins.

Aristotle used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs. He also divided animals into two groups, those which had red blood and those that did not.

Methanogens bacteria are present in the guts of ruminant animals such as cows and buffaloes. The characteristic smell of cow dungs is due to methane gas produced by this bacteria.

Slime moulds are saprophytic protists, without cell walls. The spores of slime moulds possess true walls. Thalloid multinucleate body of a slime mould is called Plasmodium. Spores are dispersed by air currents.
Example: Acellular slime mould—Physarum, Cellular slime mould—Dictyostelium.

When a fresh water protozoan is placed in marine water the contractile vacuole of the protozoa disappeardue to exoosmosis in which water from contractile vacuoles start moving out form higher concentrationto lower concentration.

T2 phage is more properly called Enterobacteria phage T2. It is a virulent bacteriophage that infects Escherichia coli bacteria. It contains linear double-stranded DNA and is covered by a protective protein coat. T2 is a 'tailed phage', one of a group known as the 'T4-like viruses'.

In Linnaeus' time a TwoKingdomsystem of classification with Plantaeand Animaliakingdoms was developed that included all plants and animals respectively. This system was used till very recently.

The peculiar odour found in marshy areas and cow sheds is of methane gas produced by methanogensbacteria that belongs to class Archeobacteria.

Blue green algae are also called as cyanobacteria. They are considered as most primitive organism that still survives. It includes different forms of unicellular and multicellular organisms.

The plants complete their life cycle in two phase, diploid phase called sporophytic and haploid phase gemetophytes which occurs alternately is called alternation of generation.

Mycoplasmas are group of organism that lack cell wall and are smallest living organisms. They can survive without oxygen. Mycoplasmas are also called as PPLO (pleuro pneumonia like organism).

The character of possessing cell wall in their cells grouped together the unicellular organisms and the multicellular ones, for example, Chlamydomonasand Spirogyra were placed together under algae.

Unicellular Eukaryotes were included into kingdom Protista while unicellular Prokaryotes were included in kingdom Monera.

The sexual reproduction in kingdom Animalia is by copulation of male and female followed by embryological development.

Symbiotic association between an alga and a fungus is called Lichens. Algae prepare food due to presence of chlorophyll and fungus absorbs nutrients and provide protection to algae.

Carl Linnaeus also known as Carl Von Linne or Carolus Linnaeus is often called the Father of Taxonomy.

Sporozoansinclude diverse organisms that have an infectious spore-like stage in their life cycle.

Kingdom Protista includes unicellular, eukaryotic organisms only. Phycomycetes is a subdivision of fungus which are multicellular. Protozoa, slime molds and euglenoids are part of kingdom Protista.

Archaebacteria can survive in harsh conditions due to the presence of a branched lipid chain in the cell membrane that reduces the fluidity of the cell membrane. It includes halophiles which are exclusively found in saline habitats.

Euglena is photosynthetic as well as saprophytic organism. It contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis and can absorbs food from dead and decaying materials.