Biomolecules Test 2

Oils have lower melting point (e.g., gingely oil) and hence remain as oil in winters.

Drug is a medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested.
And ricin is a carbohydrate- binding protein which is produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant and is highly potent toxin therefore, it is a toxin not a drug.

Double helix model of DNA was proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 based on X-ray diffraction data produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin.

Proteins human haemoglobin consists of 4 subunits. Two of these are identical toeach other. Hence, two subunits of αα type and two subunits of ββ type together constitute the human haemoglobin (Hb).

The number of substrate molecules changed per minute by a molecule of enzyme is called turn over number. Higher the turn over number more effective is the enzyme.

The diagram shown is a uracil which is a pyramidine belonging to nitrogen bases.

Fat consists of molecules of fatty acids and molecules of glycerin. Each molecule of fat contain three molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of glycerine3. 

The paired bases are stacked on the inside of the double helix with one base pair is every 3.4 angstrom. Now the distance between 23 base pair are (3.4) ×23 =78.2 angstrom.

According to Chargaff's base pair rule, DNA from any cell of an organism should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases, that is, the total amount of purines = total amount of pyrimidines.  In this, the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine. The ratio of A: T = 1 and the ratio of G: C = 1. According to Chargaff's rule, G + C / A + T ratio varies with the species but is constant for a species. 

Monoterpene eaters called pyrethoids found in flowers and leaves of chrysnthemumare used commercially for making insecticides.

Arachidonic acid has 20 carbon atoms including the carboxyl carbon.

In most fungi the structural polysaccharide of cell wall is chitin. In plant cells cell wall is made up of cellulose.

Both DNA and RNA consists of polymers of nucleotides. RNA is single stranded but DNA is double stranded. DNA polynucleotide contains thymine but RNA polynucleotide contains uracil.

Protein molecules get denatured due to high temperature, very high or low pH and high energy radiation but there is no effect due to high pressure.

Competitive inhibition is interruption of a chemical pathway owing to one chemical substance inhibiting the effect of another by competing with it for binding or bonding.

Based on number of amino and carboxyl groups, there are acidic (e.g., glutamic acid), basic (lysine) and neutral (valine) amino acids. Similarly, there are aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan).

Uracil nitrogenous base is produces nucleoside only with ribose sugar. This nucleoside is present only inside the RNA and absent in DNA.

Each turn of DNA spirals contains 10 base pairs. So, in five turns of DNA total number of Base pair is 5×10=50 base pairs.

AUG codon is an initiation codon for protein synthesis. This codon code for amino acids methionine.

Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat soluble but insoluble in water. Vitamin B and C are water soluble vitamins.

Valine is the neutral amino acid.

Plant cell walls are made of cellulose. Paper made from plant pulp is cellulose.

Option (d) none of these is correct answer. 

Explanation:-

The chemical formula for haemoglobin is :-

C _{29 52} H₄₆₆₄ O ₈₃₂  N₈₁₂ S₈ Fe₄. 

A normal level for men and women ranges from 12 to 20 grams per deciliter.

One full turn of the helical strand would involve ten steps or ten base pairs. The pitch would be 34Å.

Enzymes functional inside the living cells are called endoenzyme or intracellular enzyme. It function only inside the cell in which it was produced.