Biomolecules Test 3

Some lipids have phosphorous and a phosphorylated organic compound in them. These are phospholipids. They are found in cell membrane.

The nucleotide has three chemically distinct components. One is a heterocyclic compound, the second is a monosaccharide and the third a phosphoric acid or phosphate.

Plants can synthesis all types of fatty acids but animal cells lacks machineryto synthesis three fatty acids called as essential fatty acids. These are Linoleic , Linolenic and Arachidonic acids

In a polypeptide or a protein, amino acids are linked by a peptide bond which is formed when the carboxyl (-COOH) group of one amino acid reacts with the amino (-NH2) group of the next amino acid with theelimination of a water moiety (the process is called dehydration). In polysaccharide the individual monosaccharides are linked by a glycosidic bond. This bond is also formed by dehydration.

Inulin is a starchy substance found in a wide variety of fruits, vegetables and other herbs. This polysaccharide is not metabolized in human body and used for kidney function.

The cell wall of fungi is made of chitin,complex sugar molecules. The cell wall of plants are made up of cellulose.

Nucleic acids carry hereditary information and are passed on from parental generation to progeny.

Polymerisation is the chain of large number of repeating units. Proteins are polymerizationproduct of Amino acids combine together with peptide bonds.

Many secondary plant products are of great use in commerce in making drug and perfumes. The primary product of plants is carbohydrates synthesized during photosynthesis.

A number of enzymes require metal ions for their activity which form coordination bonds with side chains at the active site and at the same time form one or more cordination bonds with the substrate, e.g., zinc is a cofactor for the proteolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase.

Hydrolysis of nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) produces pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) purine and pyrimidine. Phosphoric acid is not released on hydrolysis of DNA or RNA.

There are two hydrogen bonds between A and T pairing. There are three hydrogen bonds between G andC pairing. Each strand appears like a helical staircase.

Collagen is a fibrous protein. It is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in thevarious connective tissues. It is the most abundant protein in mammals.

Fevicol is a synthetic sticky substance insoluble in water and used for joining wood and paper is a type of resins

Zinc is a cofactor for the proteolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase.

Cell is the basic unit of all living organisms. The human body is made up of trillions of cells, and there are different cells for different functions. Cells are little bundles of chemical reactions. They reproduce, they create energy, and they break molecules down and build them up. Enzymes are what make all the chemical reactions in the cell possible. Enzymes are catalysts, which means that they make chemical reactions go faster, but are not changed by the reaction.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Starch is a variant of this but present as a store house of energy in plant tissues.

There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and all have the same basic structure, differing only in the R-group or side chain they have.

The amino acids are linked together one after the other by peptide bonds. This bond is formed between NH3 of one amino acids with carboxyl end of another amino acids to release water.

Each enzyme shows its highest activity at a particular temperature and pH called the optimum temperature and optimum pH.

Cellulose is the most abundant organic molecule present on earth. Cellulose forms the cell wall of all plant cells. Cell wall is the outermost protective layer of cell.
OR
The most abundant organic compound on Earth is cellulose, which is made up of many, many glucose molecules all linked together.

Water is the most abundant chemical for the living organisms.

Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein.

The most important form of energy currency in living systems is the bond energy in a chemical called ATP.

In yeast, during fermentation, the same pathway leads to the production of ethanol(alcohol).