Biomolecules Test 4

Primary metabolites are the essential metabolic intermediates of the plants which help in the growth and development of the plant.

Alkaloids are secondary metabolites, where as rest are primary metabolites

The Molecular Composition of Cells. Cells are composed of water, inorganic ions, and carbon-containing (organic) molecules. Water is the most abundant molecule in cells, accounting for 70% or more of total cell mass.

Pigments - Carotenoids,Anthocyanins
Toxins - Abrin, Ricin
Polymeric substance - Rubber, Gums
Alkaloids - Morphine, Codeine.

Four major classes of macromolecules may be identified, these are proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids. Out of all macromolecules found in the cell, the proteins are most chemically and physically diverse. 

Only L-amino acids are building blocks of proteins.
The amino acids are all chiral, with the exception of glycine, whose side chain is H. As with lipids, biochemists use the L and D nomenclature. All naturally occurring proteins from all living organisms consist of L amino acids. The absolute stereochemistry is related to L-glyceraldehyde.

Macromolecules are giant molecules that are produced by the bonding of smaller molecules. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are all considered to be macromolecules. 
A polysaccharide is one type of macromolecule made up of monosaccharides like glucose and fructose. 

An enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. Whereas, Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also known as lipoglycans and endotoxins, are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.