Polymers Test - 13

Styrene-butadiene or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) describe families of synthetic rubbers derived from styrene and butadiene (the version developed by Goodyear is called Neolite). These materials have good abrasion resistance and good aging stability when protected by additives.

Synthetic polymer that resembles natural rubber is Neoprene. It is made from monomer chloroprene (2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene) as shown in the above reaction.

Polystyrene will be formed if the susbstituent group is –C₆H₅. It is a synthetic aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed.

The correct answer is option A
Vulcanization is a chemical process in which the rubber is heated with sulphur, accelerator and activator at 140–160°C. The process involves the formation of cross-links between long rubber molecules so as to achieve improved elasticity, resilience, tensile strength, viscosity, hardness and weather resistance.

The correct answer is Option C.
Nylon 6 is synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam. Caprolactam has 6 carbons, hence Nylon 6.

The correct answer is option D
Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) is the monomer of natural rubber and a building block for many natural compounds. C. G. Williams first isolated it in 1860 by pyrolyzing rubber. Many methods have been developed for its commercial manufacture for the production of synthetic rubber and other polymers.

The correct answer is Option B.

Van der Waals forces include attraction and repulsions between atoms, molecules, and surfaces.
Hydrogen bonding is a special type of attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom such as  N, O, or F atom and another very electronegative atom.
Dipole-dipole interactions occur when the partial charges formed within one molecule are attracted to an opposite partial charge in a nearby molecule.

From the picture of Nylon-6,6, we can see there is hydrogen bonding between oxygen and hydrogen atom.
Though hydrogen bonds are also one type of dipole-dipole attraction, here, a more appropriate answer will be - The intermolecular forces present in nylon-6,6 are hydrogen bonding.
 

Polyesters are polymers in which component monomers are bonded via ester linkages. These ester linkages are generally easy to hydrolyze and hence a number of synthetic polyesters are biodegradable. Therefore, bacterial polyesters (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs) have been used to make biodegradable plastics.

The correct answer is option  D

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a synthetic resin prepared by the polymerization of acrylonitrile. A member of the important family of acrylic resins, it is a hard, rigid thermoplastic material that is resistant to most solvents and chemicals, slow to burn, and of low permeability to gases.

The correct answer is option D
Terylene or Dacron is obtained by the condensation polymerisation of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid.
It is an example of polyester. The balanced equation is as shown.