Environmental Chemistry Test - 4

Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, as well as CO₂, all form acidic solutions when they dissolve in water and are the major contributors of acid rain.

The trapping of the sun's radiation in the Earth's atmosphere due to the presence of greenhouse gases leads to greenhouse effect and chlorophyll has no role in greenhouse effect, thus both statements A and R are incorrect.

In Antarctica, ozone depletion takes place due to the formation of chlorine nitrate (ClONO₂).
Chlorine nitrate, with chemical formula ClNO₃, is an important atmospheric gas present in the stratosphere. It is an important sink of chlorine that contributes to the depletion of ozone.

Nitrogen oxides emitted from exhaust system of supersonic jet aeroplanes slowly deplete the concentration of ozone layer in the upper atmosphere.

Photochemical smog, often referred to as summer smog, is the chemical reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, which leaves airborne particles and ground-level ozone. These pollutants are introduced into the atmosphere via vehicular emissions and industrial processes.

Freons are responsible for the depletion of ozone layer in the upper strata of the atmosphere.
Chlorofluorocarbons (freons) and other halogenated ozone depleting substances (ODS) are mainly responsible for man-made chemical ozone depletion.

N₂O₅ is one of the oxides of nitrogen and is not a common air pollutant. It is an unstable and dangerous oxidiser.
Nitrogen containing pollutants include the gases like nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).

An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is a filtration device that removes fine particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of an induced electrostatic charge minimally impeding the flow of gases through the unit.