Biology Test 146

Cybrids are produced by the fusion of cytoplasm from nucleated cells with non-nucleated cells or cytoplasts. The nucleated cell can be unaltered or could have undergone depletion of endogenous mtDNA before cytoplasmic mixing.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

An increase in birth rate, and a decrease in maternal mortality rate and death rate are reasons behind the population growth. It is occurred because of better reproductive healthcare.

An increase in infant mortality rate can decrease population growth.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Male sex organs known as antheridia and female sex organs, which are referred to as archegonia, are typically located at the tips of the main shoots of gametophyte mosses. Zygotes remain in the archegonia and undergo several cell divisions that result in the development of embryonic sporophytes.
Hence, the correct option is (A).

The genetic code is a set of three-letter combinations of nucleotides called codons, each of which corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal. They showed that the RNA sequence UUU specifically coded for the amino acid phenylalanine.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

The amount of biodegradable organic matter in sewage water can be estimated by measuring-

(1) Biochemical oxygen demand (2) The growth of anaerobic bacteria in water (3) Biogeological oxygen demand (4) The growth of aerobic bacteria in water

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms while they decompose organic matter under aerobic (oxygen is present) conditions at a specified temperature.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Locomotion occurs when a body changes its position from one place to another. Walking, running, climbing are the forms of locomotion. But some movements of our body parts like the tongue, jaws do not result in any locomotion. Thus it can be said that all locomotions are movements but all movements are not locomotions.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

Morphogenetic movements are caused by the large-scale and dynamic movement of embryonic cells. It rearranges the distribution of embryonic cells, thereby allowing the interaction between germ layers that previously existed separately. It occurs during gastrulation. During gastrulation, there occurs cell migration of extensive highly organized epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Formative movements occur in the formation of the dorsolateral grooves on the archenteron or the gut cavity, during gastrulation. So all kinds of movements occur during gastrulation.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are height, skin color, eye color and weight. Polygenes exist in other organisms, as well.
Hence, the correct option is (A).

At 0.1–5.0 µm in diameter, prokaryotic cells are significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells, which have diameters ranging from 10–100 µm. The small size of prokaryotes allows ions and organic molecules that enter them to quickly spread to other parts of the cell. A cell of 1 μm³ volume averages to the maximum 1,000 μm³ most highly expressed proteins in a cell.

Hence the correct option is (D).

Collenchyma tissue is composed by elongated living cells of uneven primary thick walls, which possess hemicellulose, cellulose, and pectic materials. It provides support, structure, mechanical strength, and flexibility to the petiole, leaf veins, and stem of young plants, allowing for easy bending without breakage.

Hence, the correct option is (C).