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Biology Test 337

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Biology Test 337
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    4 / -1

    The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of

    Solution

    Restriction enzymes recognise specific base sequences in a DNA molecule and cut its strands, e.g., EcoRI cuts DNA strands in the base sequence GAATTC.

     

  • Question 2
    4 / -1

    Which of the following structures is involved in the modification and packaging of newly synthesized proteins?

    Solution

    The Golgi apparatus is involved in the modification, sorting, and packaging of newly synthesized proteins for secretion or delivery to their specific destinations within or outside the cell.

     

  • Question 3
    4 / -1

    Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA?

    Solution

    Plasmids have been modified to be used as vectors. They can clone DNA fragments of about 10 kbp size while cosmid can carry upto 45kbp YAC can carry upto 1000−2500kbp and BAC can carry around 300−350 Kbp long DNA fragments.

     

  • Question 4
    4 / -1

    What type of cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus?

    Solution

    Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Their genetic material is not enclosed within a nuclear envelope, distinguishing them from eukaryotic cells, which have a well-defined nucleus.

     

  • Question 5
    4 / -1

    Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying various poisons and drugs in liver cells?

    Solution

    The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is responsible for detoxifying various poisons, drugs, and carcinogens in liver cells. It plays a key role in lipid and steroid hormone synthesis, breaking down lipid-soluble toxins in liver cells, and controlling calcium release in muscle cell contraction.

     

  • Question 6
    4 / -1

    The situation where indigenous knowledge of nature, originating with indigenous people, is used by others for profit, without taking proper permission from them and with little or no compensation or recognition to the indigenous people themselves is known as

    Solution

    Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organizations without proper authorization from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.

     

  • Question 7
    4 / -1

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

    Solution

    The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a dynamic structure with proteins embedded within the lipid bilayer, allowing for fluidity and flexibility. This model highlights how both lipids and proteins can move laterally within the membrane, contributing to its fluid nature.

     

  • Question 8
    4 / -1

    During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

    Solution

    DNA replication occurs during the S (synthesis) phase of the cell cycle. This phase is dedicated to copying the cell's genetic material to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes during cell division.

     

  • Question 9
    4 / -1

    In which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

    Solution

    Homologous chromosomes separate during Anaphase I of meiosis. This separation reduces the chromosome number by half in each daughter cell, from diploid to haploid, and is a key feature of the reductional division characteristic of meiosis I. The separation of homologous chromosomes is essential for genetic diversity and the accurate distribution of genetic material to gametes. This process sets the stage for the eventual production of genetically unique offspring through sexual reproduction.

     

  • Question 10
    4 / -1

    Which of the following fungi is used in the production of antibiotics?

    Solution

    Penicillium notatum is a fungus known for its role in the production of penicillin, the first antibiotic discovered. It was first identified by Alexander Fleming in 1928. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) is used in baking and brewing, Rhizopus stolonifer (black bread mold) is a decomposer, and Aspergillus niger is used in various industrial processes but not primarily known for antibiotic production, making Option B correct.

     

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