Biology Test 342

Solenocytes are also called flame cells. It is a cup shaped cell, which contains group of cilia and this is the main excretory organ of platyhelminthes.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's yeast, is used in the production of bread and beer. It ferments sugars, producing carbon dioxide and alcohol, which causes bread to rise and contributes to the alcohol content in beer. This makes Option C the correct answer.

Heterocysts are specialized cells found in some cyanobacteria that provide an anaerobic environment necessary for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which can then be used by the plant for nutrition. This makes Option B the correct answer, highlighting the importance of cyanobacteria in nitrogen cycling in ecosystems.

Squamous epithelium is made of a single thin layer of flattened cells, which is ideally suited for areas where diffusion or filtration processes occur, such as in the air sacs of lungs. This structure allows for efficient gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries. An interesting fact is that the thinness of squamous cells facilitates rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide, making our breathing process efficient.

Skeletal muscle fibers are cylindrical, have multiple nuclei, and are characterized by the presence of striations. These muscles are under voluntary control, meaning we can consciously control their contraction and relaxation. They are primarily attached to bones and are responsible for body movements. An interesting fact about skeletal muscles is that they can adapt to exercise by increasing in size, a process known as hypertrophy.

Coelom is a fluid-filled cavity that forms the main body cavity of vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It is found between mesoderm and body wall (endoderm).

Connective tissues are specialized to support, bind together, and protect organs. They range from soft to hard (e.g., blood, adipose tissue, bone) and play crucial roles in the body, including providing structural support, storing energy, and transporting nutrients. An interesting fact is that connective tissues are the only tissue type that contains a substantial amount of extracellular matrix, which provides the tissue with strength and elasticity.

The thyroid gland is an example of an endocrine gland, which is referred to as a "ductless gland" because it releases its hormones directly into the bloodstream, not through ducts. Endocrine glands play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, growth, and development. An interesting fact about the thyroid gland is that it produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate as well as heart and digestive function.

Infoldings of plasma membrane in bacteria are called mesosomes.

Adipose tissue is specialized for storing fat, which serves as an energy reserve and provides insulation and protection to organs. It is found mainly beneath the skin but also around internal organs. An interesting fact about adipose tissue is that it not only stores energy but also secretes hormones that play a role in appetite regulation and metabolism.