Reproduction And Endocrine System Test

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Reproduction And Endocrine System Test - 6

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Question 1
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above flow chart and choose the correct option.

A
A occurs in unfavourable condition.

B
In B, many daughter cells are formed.

C
Daughter cells in A are smaller than the parent cells.

D
B is seen in paramecium.

Solution

As A is a kind of division which always takes place in specific planes, it is binary fission. Binary fission always takes place in favorable condition and daughter cells are genetically and morphologically similar to the parent cells.
B is multiple fission because cyst formation takes place in multiple fission. In multiple fission, many daughter cells are formed due to many divisions of nucleus.
Question 2
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What type of asexual reproduction is shown in the given figure?

A
Binary fission

B
Multiple fertilisation

C
Spore formation

D
Budding

Solution

The asexual mode of reproduction shown is budding. It occurs in hydra.
Question 3
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above figure and choose the incorrect option.

A
A cell was obtained from the mammary gland.

B
B cell was obtained from the ovary.

C
Nucleus of B cell was used for fusion.

D
Nucleus of A cell was used for fusion.

Solution

In producing dolly sheep, nucleus of egg cell was removed and nucleus of A cell, i.e. cell from mammary gland, was used for fusing egg.
Question 4
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Refer to the figure given below:

The process shown in the figure is __________ and results in the formation of _________.

A
placentation; embryo

B
fertilisation; zygote

C
embryogenesis; embryo

D
fertilisation; blastula

Solution

Fertilisation is the union of male and female gametes. This results in the formation of a zygote.
Question 5
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Semen includes

A
sperms

B
secretions of accessory sex glands

C
Both (1) and (2)

D
None of the above

Solution

Semen contains sperms and secretions from accessory sex glands.
Question 6
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Refer to the diagram given below:

The function of the part labelled X is to

A
provide energy

B
help in locomotion

C
penetrate the ovum

D
All of these

Solution

X represents the middle piece. It has a central filamentous core with many mitochondria spiralled around it, used for ATP production or providing energy.
Question 7
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Read the statements given below and select the correct option.

Statement 1: Testes are found in the scrotal sacs present outside the body.
Statement 2: Sperms need a relatively lower temperature than body temperature.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

B
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.

C
Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.

D
Both statements 1 and 2 are false.

Solution

Testes are found in the scrotal sacs present outside the body. The main reason for this is that the sperms need a relatively lower temperature than body temperature.
Question 8
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How many eggs are generally released into oviduct by an ovary every month?

A
One egg only

B
Two eggs

C
Three eggs

D
Millions of eggs

Solution

One egg is released into oviduct by an ovary every month.
Question 9
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The diagram given below represents the female reproductive system. Identify the part in which the implantation of the fertilised ovum takes place.

A
A

B
D

C
B

D
C

Solution

C represents the uterus. Implantation of the fertilised ovum occurs in the uterus.
Question 10
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Study the series given below. Pick the odd one out from each series and select the correct option.

(a) Prostate gland, Penis, Seminal vesicle, Uterus
(b) Cervix, Vagina, Fallopian tube, Epididymis
(c) Head, Middle piece, Tail, Yolk

A
(a) - Penis, (b) - Vagina, (c) - Tail

B
(a) - Uterus, (b) - Epididymis, (c) - Yolk

C
(a) - Prostate gland, (b) - Cervix, (c) - Middle piece

D
(a) - Uterus, (b) - Epididymis, (c) - Head

Solution

In (a), uterus belongs to the female reproductive system. Rest all belong to the male reproductive system.
In (b), epididymis is a part of the male reproductive system. Rest all belong to the female reproductive system.
In (c), yolk is the nutrient-bearing portion of the egg. Rest all are parts of the human sperm.
Question 11
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Refer to the graph given below:

Choose the incorrect statement from the ones given below:

A
At the onset of puberty, girls grow faster in height than boys.

B
By the age of 18 years, approximately both boys and girls reach their maximum height.

C
The rate of growth in height is the same in all individuals.

D
Some individuals may grow in height suddenly at puberty and then slow down, while others may grow gradually.

Solution

The rate of growth in height is not the same in all individuals. At the onset of puberty, girls grow faster in height than boys.
Question 12
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Common changes occur among boys and girls during puberty. A few of these have been listed below. Choose the incorrect one.

A
Sudden increase in height

B
Change in body shape

C
Increased activity of sweat and sebaceous glands

D
Deepening of voice

Solution

Deepening of voice is seen only in boys. This feature is not seen in girls.
Question 13
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Directions: Read the statements given below and choose the correct alternative.

Assertion (A): Boys have a high pitched voice.
Reason (R): In boys, Adam's apple is prominent.

A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation for A.

B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation for A.

C
A is true, but R is false.

D
A is false, but R is true.

Solution

Girls have a high pitched voice. Adam's apple is prominent in boys.
Question 14
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Directions: Read the statements given below and select the correct option.

Statement 1: Girls need to take a lot of iron-rich food, especially during menstruation.
Statement 2: Iron is necessary for the formation of RBCs.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are true, and statement 2 is the correct explanation for statement 1.

B
Both statements 1 and 2 are true, but statement 2 is not the correct explanation for statement 1.

C
Statement 1 is true, but statement 2 is false.

D
Both statements 1 and 2 are false.

Solution

Girls need to take a lot of iron-rich food, especially during menstruation. Iron is necessary for the formation of RBCs. During menstruation, blood loss occurs. Hence, to compensate for the same, iron-rich diet should be taken.
Question 15
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An adolescent boy's meal contains all essential nutrients, but no protein. The boy will exhibit

A
no growth

B
lethargy to work

C
poor immune system

D
weight loss

Solution

Protein is the bodybuilding food. In its absence, proper growth of the body will not take place.
Question 16
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Refer to the diagram given below and choose the correct option.

A
P - X, Q - Female, R - Y, S - Male

B
P - X, Q - Male, R - X, S - Female

C
P - Y, Q - Female, R - Y, S - Female

D
P - X, Q - Male, R - Y, S - Female

Solution

Sex chromosomes are of two types: XX (Females) and XY (Males).
Question 17
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Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The first occurrence of periods at puberty is called menarche.
b. Menstruation stops permanently when a women reaches the age of about 45 to 50 years.
c. The process of ovulation and menstruation in women is called menopause.

A
Only a

B
Both a and b

C
Only c

D
Both b and c

Solution

Menopause is the end of menstruation. During this phase, there is a natural decline in reproductive hormones.
Question 18
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Given below are events that lead to pregnancy and development of an embryo:

(i) Fertilisation of egg
(ii) Maturation of egg
(iii) Release of egg
(iv) Embedding of embryo in thickened uterine wall

Which of the following options gives the correct order of their occurrence?

A
i, ii, iii, iv

B
ii, i, iii, iv

C
i, iv, ii, iii

D
ii, iii, i, iv

Solution

The first event is the maturation of the eggs. Mature egg is released, which after fertilisation forms a zygote. The zygote develops into an embryo. The fertilised egg and hence the embryo gets embedded in the uterine wall.
Question 19
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Complete the following sentences:

(a) In females, the uterine wall thickens to receive the __________.
(b) Endocrine glands release hormones directly into _______ for transportation to the target site.
(c) The sex hormones, ___________ and oestrogen, are responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters.
(d) Release of sex hormones is under the control of a hormone secreted from the __________.

A
a - fertilised egg, b - blood, c - testosterone, d - pituitary gland

B
a - unfertilised egg, b - blood, c - progesterone, d - thyroid gland

C
a - fertilised egg, b - ducts, c - testosterone, d - pituitary gland

D
a - sperm, b - lymph, c - progesterone, d - thyroid gland

Solution

(a) In females, the uterine wall thickens to receive the fertilised egg. (b) Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the blood for transportation to the target site. (c) The sex hormones, testosterone and oestrogen, are responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters. (d) Release of sex hormones is under the control of a hormone secreted from the pituitary gland.
Question 20
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Which of the following glands secrete products directly into the bloodstream?

a. Pituitary gland
b. Sebaceous gland
c. Thyroid gland
d. Sweat gland

A
Both a and b

B
Both b and c

C
Both b and d

D
Both a and c

Solution

Pituitary gland and thyroid gland are endocrine glands. Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream.