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Air Pollution Test - 5

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Air Pollution Test - 5
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
    Solution
    CO2 is a greenhouse gas because it traps some of the energy radiated by the Earth and does not allow it to escape. The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is increasing year on year as we burn fossil fuels, which enhances the natural greenhouse effect and warms the planet.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are the effects of acid rain?

    I. It harms aquatic animals and plants
    II. Leads to acidification of the soil
    III. Causes corrosion of sculptures, monuments and buildings
    Solution
    All the effects listed are consequences of acid rain.
    Acid rain makes water as well as the soil acidic.
    It harms the aquatic plants and animals.
    The acid reacts with the minerals and corrodes sculptures, monuments and buildings.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following pollutants contribute to the formation of smog?

    a. Sulphur dioxide
    b. Nitrogen oxide
    c. Carbon monoxide
    d. Carbon dioxide
    Solution
    Smog is made up of many chemicals including nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but the two main components of smog are particulate matter (PM) and ground-level ozone (O3). It causes poor visibility and also causes respiratory problems.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following pollutants is/are a cause of depletion of the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere?
    Solution
    Pollution from CFCs is depleting the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere.
    These breakdown in the upper parts of the atmosphere and interact with the ozone in the stratosphere.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    What is the term used to describe the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere?
    Solution
    The increase in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere due to the presence of gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide is termed as global warming.
    These gases are referred to as green house gases.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following gases is acidic in nature?
    Solution
    Nitrogen dioxide is acidic in nature. It dissolves very well in water, react with water to give nitric acid.
    NO2 + H2O HNO3
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following activities causes air pollution?
    Solution
    Burning of fossil fuels like coal and petroleum products is the main cause of air pollution. When fossil fuels are burned, they release nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere, which contribute to the formation of smog and acid rain. Fuels such as coal and petroleum release unburnt particles in the environment. The particles result in air pollution and cause respiratory diseases.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following gases is not an air pollutant?
    Solution
    Nitrogen (N2) is a natural constituent of air an comprises 78% of it.
    It is not an air pollutant.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is correct?
    Solution
    Ozone hole is a region of marked thinning of the ozone layer at higher altitudes. It is a toxic gas and the ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following combine to form smog?

    (i) Smoke
    (ii) CFCs
    (iii) Fog
    (iv) Dust
    Solution
    Smog is formed in cold weather by the combination of smoke and fog.
  • Question 11
    1 / -0
    A catalytic converter is a pollution control device used in automobile engines.

    Presence of which of the following pollutants in the air can be checked by installing this device?
    Solution
    A catalytic converter is a device that uses a catalyst to convert the following three harmful compounds in the automobile exhaust into harmless compounds:
    (i) Hydrocarbons (cause smog)
    (ii) Carbon monoxide (causes respiratory problems)
    (iii) Nitrogen oxides (cause smog and acid rain)
  • Question 12
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are the direct consequences of air pollution?

    (i) Respiratory irritants in air
    (ii) Toxic chemical in groundwater
    (iii) Excessive amount of biological agents in water bodies
    (iv) Smog
    (v) Acid rain
    Solution
    Acid rain, smog, and presence of gases and particles in air which are harmful and cause respiratory problems are the direct consequences of air pollution.
    Presence of toxic chemical in groundwater and excessive amount of biological agents in water bodies is due to water pollution.
  • Question 13
    1 / -0
    Burning of fossil fuels, dust, particulate pollutants like mist, spray and fumes are the main cause of
    Solution
    Burning of fossil fuels adds oxides of sulphur, unburnt hydrocarbons, smoke, oxides of carbon, oxides of nitrogen to the air.
    These along with dust, particulate pollutants like mist, spray and fumes are the main cause of air pollution resulting in irritation in eyes, headache, confusion, and respiratory problems.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    Which country is responsible for the highest amount of carbon emissions in the world?
    Solution
    According to the report from World Resources Institute, the highest amount of carbon emissions is from China due to the excessive use of coal.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0
    The region of the atmosphere where ionisation of gases takes place is:
    Solution
    Ionosphere is defined as the layer of the Earth's atmosphere that is ionised by solar and cosmic radiation.
    It is the fourth layer and is located above mesosphere.


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