Indian National Movement Test - 10

Gandhian ahimsa is not merely a negative state of harmlessness but it is a positive state of love, of doing good even to the evil-doer. However, it does not mean helping the evil-doer to continue the wrong or tolerating it by passive acquiescence. The very first step in nonviolence is that we cultivate in our daily life, as between ourselves, truthfulness, humility, tolerance, and loving kindness.

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919 when troops of the British Indian Army under the command of Colonel Reginald Dyer fired rifles into a crowd of Punjabis, who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Punjab.

A couple of men had their shirts dyed at the local tannery, and the brick-red colour proved to be a breakthrough. It was this distinctive colour that earned the Khudai khidmatgar movement activists the name "the Red shirts" or 'surkh posh'. The other reason for the choice of red colour was a symbolic adherence of the anti-colonial movements to the revolutionary and socialist discourse.

Syed Ahmed Khan was one of the leading figures of Muslim India, and the Revolt of 1857 was the defining moment of his life. He wrote this analysis soon after he witnessed the brutal revenge the British took on Delhi once the Revolt was suppressed. His primary aim was to correct the misconception that the uprising was merely a Muslim conspiracy. Instead, he argued, the Revolt was a widespread response to the failure of the British to admit Indians into the Legislative Council, effectively preventing them from having any say in government policies.

One of the most important instances in India's freedom struggle was provided by the Khilafat Movement, in terms of the unity among the Hindus and the Muslims. This was mostly on account of the intertwining of the leaders of the Indian National Congress and the Khilafat Movement themselves.

The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India, led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. The 24-day march lasted from 12 March, 1930, to 6 April, 1930, as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly.

Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. Walking ten miles a day for 24 days, the march spanned over 240 miles from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, which was called Navsari.