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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 67

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 67
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In order to induce the bacterial uptake of plasmids, the bacteria are made competent by treating them with
    Solution
    In order to induce the bacterial uptake of plasmids, the bacteria is treated with calcium chloride. The addition of calcium chloride to a cell suspension promotes the binding of plasmid DNA to lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option:
    (A) Source of the restriction enzyme Hind III is E.coli
    (B) In biolistic method of gene transfer, mircoparticles made up of gold or tungsten are coated with foreign DNA
    (C) Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used for animal cell
    (D) Primers are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA in PCR.
    How many of the above statement are correct?
    Solution
    A)
    Restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonuclease, is a protein that cuts DNA after recognizing a specific sequence of DNA. Hind III is a type  II site-specific deoxyribonuclease restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus influenzae that cleaves the DNA via hydrolysis.

    B)
    In the bolistic method of gene transfer, a gene gun is used to transfer exogenous or foreign DNA  in the cell. A droplet of tungsten powder and genetic material is a bullet. Gold is favored at the place of tungsten as it has better uniformity than tungsten and tungsten can be toxic to cells.

    C) 
    Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used to produce transgenic mice. Harvested oocytes of the mouse are injected with the genetic material and then implanted in the oviduct of a pseudopregnant animal.

    D)
    A primer is a short strand of RNA or DNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.In vitro lab techniques that use DNA polymerase, DNA. primers are used. They are usually short, chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, with a length of about twenty bases.
    Therefore A, B, and D are correct statements. Answer is B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    After insertion of DNA segment within the sequence of Z-gene of bacteria, they are grown on chromogenic substrate. After the growth of bacterial colonies, they are identified as
    i) Recombinants if colonies are blue- coloured.
    ii) Recombinants if colonies are white coloured.
    iii) Non-recombinants if colonies are blue- coloured.
    iv) Non-recombinants if colonies are white coloured.
    Solution
    • The z-gene controls beta-galactosidase enzyme as it is inserted on the DNA sequence it becomes inactivated by the process of insertional activation and the normal blue colour of cell culture with active beta-galactosidase will not appear but due to its absence, it will be of white coloured and will be of recombinant nature. However the non-recombinants formed were of blue colour.
    So, the correct option is 'D'.  
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements does not hold true for restriction enzyme ?
    Solution

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The technique used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately is
    Solution
    A.Correct option -C
     B.Explanation for correct option -C

    • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was discovered by Kary Mullis.
    • It is a technique by which DNA can be cloned or amplified in vitro by a thermostable enzyme DNA Taq polymerase.
    • PCR has three steps: denaturation, annealing and extension.
    • Thus, the PCR technique is used to obtain a large amount of DNA within a short time span. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Some foreign DNA fragment is attached to Cla I site of pBR 322. This recombinant vector is used to transition Escherichia coli. The cells subjected to transformation are plated on two different media, one containing ampicillin and the other containing tetracycline. The transformed cells containing the recombinant vector will
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used for
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following DNA sequences qualifies to be designated as a palindrome?
    Solution
    Palindromic sequence is the sequence of nucleotides whose reading is same when read from both $$5' \rightarrow 3'$$ and $$3'\rightarrow 5'$$ direction. It is the mirror image of the sequence in its first half.
    $$5'-\underset {\rightarrow}{ACG} GCT-3'$$
    $$3'-TCG \underset {\leftarrow}{CGA} - 5'$$.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    If the initial number of template DNA molecules in a PCR reaction is 1000 , the number of product DNA molecules at the end of 20 cycles will be closest to 
    Solution
    In DNA molecules there are 2 strands of parents, the DNA number at the end of each cycle is increased in powers of 2.
    Calculation:-
    DNA multiplies in exponents of 2 for 20 cycles each DNA yields $$2^{20}$$ copies.
    For 1000 DNA  $$1000*{(2^{20})}$$=$$10^9$$.
    So, the correct option is '$$10^9$$'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because
    Solution
    Plants have the ability to grow into a complete plant from a single cell. While animals are only produced by their species and reproduction. Hence, they are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than an animal. 
    So, the correct option is 'a somatic plant cell can grow into a complete plant'.
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