Business Studies Test - 37

In philosophy, moral responsibility is the status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward, or punishment for an act or omission, in accordance with one's moral obligations. Deciding what counts as "morally obligatory" is a principal concern of ethics.

Responsibility can not be delegated but authority and accountability can be delegated. Responsibility means the work assigned to an individual. Authority means the power to take decision. Accountability means subordinates will be answerable for the non-completion of the task. Accountability can not be passed or delegated.

Process of Organising – Determination of Objectives, Division of Activities, Grouping of Activities, Defining Authority and Responsibility, Reviewing and Reorganising.

So, the first step of the process of organizing is Determination of Objectives: Organisation is established for some objective. Overall tasks or activities of the organisation are determined to achieve this goal.

Informal organization are opposite of formal organization. They represent non-planned, unofficial, social interactions amongst people working in formal structures. They arise out of common interests of people.

Responsibility means state of being accountable or answerable for any obligation. Authority and responsibility are closely related and this principle states that these two must go hand in hand. It means that proper authority should be delegated to meet the responsibilities.

In the process of delegation, the managers are allowed to share their responsibilities and work with the subordinates which help the managers to reduce their work load. With the process of delegation, the managers can pass all their routine work to the subordinates and concentrate on important work. Without delegation, managers will be overburdened with the work.

Authority is the right or power assigned to an executive or a manager in order to achieve certain organizational objectives.

It indicates the right and power of making decisions, giving orders and instructions to subordinates. Authority is delegated from above but must be accepted from below i.e. by the subordinates. In other words, authority flows downwards.

Establishing reporting relationship is the final step as in the end all the reports are submitted and charts and manuals are prepared for better and efficient running of the organization.

To ensure the right people are in the right positions

The passage explains that staffing is aimed at placing the right people in the right roles to ensure the organization’s success.

Estimating manpower requirements

According to the passage, the staffing process starts with estimating the manpower requirements of the organization.