Acids vs Bases: Comparison Chart for CBSE 10th Science Board Exam

Acids and bases are important topics in CBSE Class 10 Science Chemistry. Questions related to their properties, pH values, examples, and reactions are commonly asked in board exams. To make revision easier, students can understand the major differences between acids and bases with the help of a simple comparison chart.

To make revision easier, this Acids vs Bases comparison chart explains the major differences between acids and bases in a simple way. Students can use this table for quick revision before their CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exam.

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Difference Between Acids and Bases

Property	Acids	Bases
Definition	Substances that release H⁺ ions in water	Substances that release OH⁻ ions in water
pH Value	Less than 7	Greater than 7
Taste	Sour	Bitter
Litmus Test	Turn blue litmus red	Turn red litmus blue
Touch	Can be irritating to skin	Feel slippery or soapy
Reaction with Metals	Produce hydrogen gas	Usually do not react with most metals
Reaction with Carbonates	Release carbon dioxide gas	Generally do not react with carbonates
Examples	HCl, H₂SO₄, CH₃COOH	NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)₂

Properties of Acids

Acids produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water. They usually have a pH value below 7 and show acidic properties. Common examples include hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, and acetic acid.

Acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with metals to release hydrogen gas. They also react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas.

Properties of Bases

Bases release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in water and have a pH value above 7. They usually taste bitter and feel slippery. Examples of bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.

Bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salt and water.

Neutralisation Reaction

The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralisation reaction.

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Example:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

Understanding the difference between acids and bases helps students prepare better for the CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exam. For more practice, students can also refer to CBSE SQP Class 10 Science and CBSE Class 10 Science PYQs to understand important question patterns.